Leadership in Organizational Settings

Leadership in Organizational SettingsLeadership john be delineate as the king to influence, move, and en competent bleak(prenominal) tribe to contri besidese toward the potency and success of the organizations of which they atomic yield 18 members (McShane, S.l., Von Glinow, 2010). The efficiency stances try to identity the characteristics of useful attr reachs. The leadinghip cogency discombobulate specific personality characteristics, such as confirmatory self- ideal, integrity, vex, and lead penury, knowledge of the business, cognitive and practical intelligence, and lended up intelligence. too that, the behavioural opinion of leading identifies two types of loss leader behaviour, people-oriented and task-oriented (McShane, S.L., Von Glinow, M.A., 2012). The contingency perspective of lead disciplines the view that efficient leader diagnose the situation and alter their zeal to fit the situation. there ar four leaders styles in path-goal put dir ective, supportive, participative, and chance upon work on forcet oriented and several contingencies relating to the characteristics of the employee and of the situation (Bolman Deal, 1991). harmonise to the forefathers, there ar two different contingency lead theories include the situational leadership opening and Fiedlers contingency surmisal. transmutational leaders grow a strategical hatful, communicate that mental prototypery through framing and class commission toward the mess. In this topic, cultural determine too influence the leaders personal values, which is turn influence men or womens leadership practices.1.2 Background of the Company line of descentAsiaIn this assignment, we try to essay the leadership style of AirAsia. AirAsia is an skyway go with in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is focusing on low- beat up with the dream of making gasifying possible for every(prenominal)one. Tony Fernandes, the CEO of the AirAsia, who is the makeer of Tune Air Sdn. Bhd. He is the one who introduced the budget no-frills(prenominal)(prenominal) airline. directly AirAsia is the largest low cost airline in Asia. AirAsia group operates scheduled internal and international flights to over 400 destinations spanning 25 countries. Its main hub is the Low damage Carrier Terminal (LCCT) which is located at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). The raft of AirAsia is to be the largest low cost airline in Asia and religious service tether billion people who argon soon underserved with poor connectivity and high-pitched f ars. There ar four mission of AirAsia to be the opera hat company to work for whereby employees ar treated as part of a big family to build a glob eithery recognised ASEAN brand to contact the lowest cost so that everyone give up fly sheet with AirAsia and sustain the highest quality product, enchanting use science to reduce the cost (Company Profile of AirAsia Berhad, 2013)2.0 CONTENT2.1 Competency perspective o f leadershipCompetencies encompass a broad range of personal characteristics, including knowledge, accomplishments, abilities, and values. Personal characteristics authoritatively influence leadership emergence the perception that soulfulness is a leader in a leadership situation. (Steven L. McShane, bloody shame Ann Von Glinow, 2010). Leadership competencies canful be grouped into seven categories such asEmotional intelligenceThe essential attri merelye of effective leaders. The leaders tycoon to monitor his or her induce and others emotions, discriminate among them, and use the information to guide his or her thoughts and actions. lawIntegrity refers to the leaders truthfulness and tendency to translate words into deeds. This characteristic is sometimes countered authentic leadership because the individual acts with sincerity.DriveDrive represents the inner motivating that leaders posses to pursue their goals and encourage others to move frontward with theirs. Drive insp ires inquisitiveness, an action orientation, and boldness to shit the company into uncharted waters.Leadership motivationThe leaders privation for socialized power to accomplish group or organisational goals. Effective leaders try to gain power so they can influence others to accomplish goals that benefit the team or organization.Self- confidenceThe leaders belief in his or her own leadership clevernesss and ability to contact objectives. Effective leaders be typically extroverted such as outgoing, soci commensurate, talkative, and assertive, but they in any case remain humble. discussionThe leaders above-average cognitive ability to process enormous amounts of information. Leaders defend superior ability to examine a manikin of complex alternatives and opportunities.Knowledge of the businessThe leaders inexplicit and explicit knowledge about the companys purlieu, enabling him or her to make to a great extent intuitive decisions.2.2 Transformational leadershipTransformat ional leadership is about leading changing the organizations strategies and ending so that they have a rectify fit with the surrounding surround. Transformation leaders are interpolate agents who energize and direct employees to new rig of corporate values and behaviors. They cause, communicate, and model a shared mess for the team or organization, and they inspire followers to strive for that great deal. Next, Transformational leadership is particularly ingrained in organizations that require significant alignment with the external environment.There are several elements of transformational leadership spend a penny a strategic visionIt refers transformational leaders establish a vision of the companys future state that engages employees to pass on objectives they didnt work out possible. Strategic vision creates a higher purpose or master goal that energizes and unifies employees. A strategic vision might originate with leader, but it is just as apt(predicate) to emerge from employees, clients, suppliers, or other stakeholders. act as the visionIt refers transformational leaders communicate meaning and elevate the importance of the visionary goal to employees. They frame messages around a grand purpose with activated appeal that captivates employees and other corporate stakeholders. Framing assists transformational leaders establish a common mental model so that the group or bring their visions to life through symbols, metaphors, stories, and other vehicles that transcend plain language. Metaphors borrow images of other experiences, thereby creating richer meaning of the vision that has non yet been experienced. precedent the visionModeling the vision is as well as all-important(prenominal) because it builds employee trust in the leader. The greater the consistency amongst the leaders words and actions, the more employees exit desire in and be ordain to follow the leader.Build commitment toward the visionBuild commitment toward the visio n which is transforming a vision into reality requires employee commitment. Transformational leaders words, symbols, and stories build a contagious enthusiasm that energizes people to adopt the vision as their own. Leaders demonstrate a can do locating by enacting their vision and staying on course. Their persistence and consistency reflect an image of honesty, trust, and integrity. Lastly, leaders build commitment by involving employees in the process of formative the organizations vision.ApplicationCompetency Perspective of Leadership1. Leadership motivationToni Fernandes was a leadership motivation leader. He was very accessible to the media was entirely committed to his business. He tries to gain power and influence others to accomplish goals that benefit the team or organization. For lawsuit, he wore AirAsias official T-shirt and office red tap cap to almost every official function and sometimes he go away serve the customers on the course of studye together with employe es. (Tony Fernandes, 2012) He had do this action because he wanted to inspire his employees move toward together to light upon the goals. Besides that, Tony Fernandes was an outgoing, sociable and talkative person. He gave his phone account to all the media representatives, and was himself advertisement for his company. Although he was a Group Chief Executive military incumbent of AirAsia, but he also remain humble in lie of others. Because of his personal characteristic and attitude, he was able to discover their companys objectives and goals. He had became a good example for his employees, so that employees willing to follow him to accomplish the goals.2. IntelligenceTony Fernandes was an intelligence leader. He had superior ability to analyze a variety of opportunities and alternatives. He had a good vision of the future because he was use the markets opportunities well. AirAsias vision is to be the largest low cost airline in Asia and serving the 3 billion people who ar e currently underserved with poor connectivity and high fares. (AirAsia Corparate Profile, 2012) Although the context was non very beneficial to enter the market, but Tony Fernandas chose to take the risk. He look atd that he and his draw offment team were able to analyze and consider the opportunities and alternatives with their intelligence. For example, Tony Fernandes had used his intelligence and finally transformed AirAsia from a heavily-indebted subsidiary into an perseverance player. Besides that, Tony Fernandes had started a hotel chain, Tune Hotels which is based on the no-frills c one timept by using his intelligence. He had involved in different persistence in the marketplace.3. Knowledge of the businessTony Fernandes had the knowledge about the business and companys environment which can enable him to make more intuitive decisions. For example, Tony Fernandes was the starting time person who entered the market segment of low costs and no frills. He did not take ri sks only by taking over AirAsia, but also in its drastic changes. Since the creation, he continually brought a lot of modernistic concepts, such as, booking services for hostels, travel insurance, online booking and check-in, car rental, vacation products, credit card or medical care. He also deeply changed the business model of the airline company which is choosing a low-cost and no-frills strategy and moved down the value chain. Throughout the changes that had made by Tony Fernandes, we believe that Tony Fernandes had enough knowledge about the business. With this knowledge, he was able to achieve companys objectives and goals.4. DriveTony Fernandes was a leader who motivates and carrys his employees (Allstars) to pursue their goals and encourage them to move forward with him. In AirAsia, Tony Fernandes had tried to introduce something in the guidance philosophy, where he wants people to pursue their dreams, pursue their passion. For example, Tony Fernandess childhood dreams in cluded running an airline, owning an English football community and an owning Formula maven racing team. (Tony Fernandes, 2012) Thus, Tony Fernandes decided to achieve and foregather his dream by buying an existing airline and started to transform it into an industry player. At the same time, Tony Fernandes also encourage his employees (Allstars) to pursue their passion and drive them to move toward the goals. He had created an environment where people can learn, grow and do what turns them on. Because of this, employees were being motivated by Tony Fernandes and they started to pursue their goals together with Tony Fernandes.Transformational leadership1. Create a strategic visionTony Fermandes is a chief executive officer or director AirAsia Berhad and he is transformational leader because the business model of the airasia are changed by him which is Now everyone can fly a low-cost and no-frills strategy and moved down the value chain. It also has successful fleetly broken tr avel norms around the globe and has risen to require the best of the world. Tony Fermandes mortgaged his home and sank his savings to invest Airasia Company (Alesia Sion, 2012).Tony Fermandes have articulate strategic vision of the company to which is Airasia be the largest low cost airline in Asia and serving the 3 billion people who are currently underserved with poor connectivity and high fares. As we know that, nowadays many carpenters plane companies come out different strategies to make their company soften than competitors so he has create a good vision for doing their business once he takeover the company. Form the year 2004, Airasia had achieved the low-cost airline awards is the low cost airline in the world. It based that he successful to accomplish his company vision.2. Communicate the visionNext, Tony Fermandes work hard to create an environment where employees can learn, grow and do what they should do in company. He also encourages employees to pursue their passi ons love their jobs at AirAsia based on their environment. Besides that, the fine quoted part every month he spends a day as a baggage-handler every two months, a day as a cabin crew every three months, a day as a check-in clerk (Shashank Nigam, 2009) to describe he always change jobs to get experience with different department. He also established a culture department to pass the message and hold parties. The workplace are different the traditional hierarchal Asian population which open plan workplace so that all employees can meet him by anytime.3. Model the visionHe also modeled the vision of the company which is to prove that he not only talks also enacts it to let everyone fly by providing low-cost airfares. Furthermore, the CEO Airasia Tony fernandes personal credo is dream the impossible, believe the unbelievable, and never take no for an answer. There was a real example which is started AirAsia Thailand, Tony was asked by a women about she wanna be a pilot, then tony replie d that if she curb he will hire her as a pilot. Lastly, she did and became a first officer and subsequently now she is a full-time captain and libertine in the plane (Chris Forrest Harvey, 2012). This record that he let everyone can fly and also let everyone have the opportunity to become his workers help them to achieve their own dreams.4. Build commitment toward the visionLastly, Tony fernandes build commitment toward vision which transforms the vision in reality. He desire to start low-cost airline company then he has create the good vision of the company to let everyone can fly in reality. Therefore, AirAsia keep promote promotion package with low hurts for customers to have sex low prices fly to different places. AirAsia fares are significantly lower than those other airline service furnishrs, websites fares also cheaper than frontline paying back price and having free seats promotion to give the customers opportunity to enjoy and also for those who cannot afford the pr ices. It is to accomplish the vision everyone can fly in reality. Besides that, He break down hierarchy to encourage employees to discourse out and breaking down walls for example he sit with his employees in an open floor plan and also let his contact number to his employees so they can just call, e-mail and SMS him directly and solve it quickly which do not need go through any department. take down the lowest ranking officers also can have his phone number to contact him directly which means he treats everyone as equal and willing to commit to their necessitate (Shashank Nigam, 2009).DisadvantagesOne main issue in related to with Air Asia in leadership in organizational settings in which the ability perspective of Tony Fernandes may have several limitations. The leadership that Tony Fernandes slang might assume that the same personal characteristics are evenly important in all situations. This may be false surmisal as this perspective is too complex to have universal jo ust of traits to apply to every conditions. Other than Air Asia, Tony Fernandes is the chairman for the Queens Park Rangers Football Club. Tony Fernandes keeps hold up the football club with his own competency perspective that QPR football club that the club can overcome their conflict. This shows that Tony Fernandes had used the same personal characteristics equally in all situations whether in Air Asia or the QPR football club.The warrant limitations would be that the leadership Tony Fernandes has might influence only peoples perception that someone is leader, not whether Tony Fernandes makes a difference to the organizations success. This perspective only shows Tony Fernandess leadership potential instead of leadership mathematical process. Therefore, it doesnt shows that the effectiveness of Tony Fernandess leadership compares to other perspective of leadership. One issue we can see that in the Air Asia wordpress showed that Tony Fernandes had cheated on the price of the sha res of Air Asia. But then it was found out by the Australians effective enforcement that Melboure Federal Court imposed a huge fine of Aussie dollars 300,00 on Air Asia and Air Asia X for this misleading website information cheating its customers concealment charges of taxes. Why does this issue happen? It is simply because the dropping by the savage customers whore also the shareholders that would not trust anymore on Tony Fernandez and Air Asia over their scamming businesses deals and unfair deals to the customers.As for transformational leadership applies by Tony Fernandes, it can be only mention in general that leaders that are transformational when they successfully bring out the change, rather than when they engage in certain behaviors we call transformational. Therefore without the success done by Tony Fernandes towards the vision of Air Asia, Tony Fernandes would not be entitled of this perspective leadership.3.0 RECOMMENDATIONCompetency perspective of leadershipA company can achieve success if the leader can execute that the competencies that is difficult for others to replicate. In this competency perspective of leadership, Tony should organize a team to identify new directions or actions for the whole management. Besides that, he should often organize a meeting of the employee to discuss and clarify what they will need to do differently as a result of changes in the company. Problem solving or decision making process with the management team will be another alternative for Tony to have a better competency perspective of leadership.Emotional intelligence is an important skill that a leader necessary to influence his/her employee to perform well in their job. Therefore, Tony should have a good management for his emotional to prevent a conflict with his employee or having a wrong perspective decision payable when his emotional level is low. Good leaders know their strengths and limitations, so they able to control their emotions and behaviors. Thus , Tony postulate to strive for his personal development by gentle in continuous learning. Based on the learning, Tony should be able to adapt to stressful situations and be able to maintain a balance between his work and non-work lives.Lastly, Tony should have a leadership to maximize the potential of others and motivate them to attain shared goals. He mustiness be able to manage individual and group performance with an understanding of group dynamics and team building. Tony needs to provide the drive for his employees to make them have better work performances. He should be understanding and be empathic toward individuals emotions and be able to resolve conflicts in a take to beful manner. One of the ways to motivate the employee is to create a slogan of company to improve mutual blood between company and employees. Besides that, Tony should play as a manipulation model with competency attributes for his employees, and that will create a drive to make them set Tony Fernandes as a target to surpass.Transformational leadershipTransformational leaders have the capability to successfully achieve the objective because of four attributes which including charisma, the ability to provide inspirational motivation, the ability to sustain intellectually, and the ability to offer individualized consideration. correspond to Barnerji and Krishnan (as citied in Kasturi, 2012) a good transformational leader must possess the ability of articulating a convincing and realistic vision and focus others towards a new critical path. In certain circumstances, a company may need to be redesigned to support the whole transformational leadership.As we know, create a strategic vision is a fundamental element of a transformational leader to become successful. Tony Fernandes need to create and communicate his vision thus stimulate discussions with his subordinates. For example, he may run brainstorming meetings with the subordinates to present new organizational models. With this, the employees will be more understand on the company objectives and to have better job performances. Charisma is another important component to which a leader to behaves in commendable ways that cause employees to identify with the leader. Tony also needs to be a use model for their followers with having a uncontaminating set of values and demonstrating them in every decision. The leader and followers must build a mutual trust between each other on a solid moral and ethical foundation (Covey, 2007).Besides that, the leader must create an inspirational motivation for the employees as the motivation is appealing and inspiring to employees. For example, Tony Fernandes can communicate optimism about future goals with his employees to provide a motivation for them to perform better in the work field. It is important that this visionary aspect of leadership be supported by conference skills that allow the leader to articulate his vision with precision and power in a convincing and per suasive way. Therefore, a good communication skill is required to complete this element of being a transformational leader.Furthermore, Tony should acts as a mentor or instructor to the employee and listens to their apprehensions and needs. Tony can encompass the need to respect and celebrate with the employees for their individual contribution for the company. Tony can reward to those contributed employees for their good performance in job, this can motivate the employee to have a better commitment on their job. This way not only educates the next generation of leaders, but also fulfills the individuals need for self-actualization, self-fulfillment, and self-worth. It also naturally propels followers to further transaction and growth.According to Burns (as citied in Arachchi, 2012), it show that transformational leader as reflecting the traits and behaviors are required for initiating change. These leaders need to identify themselves as change agents and take responsibility for tr ansformation. Generally, they are risk takers and courageous, believe in and trust people, have a clear values in motivation. In other words, Tony needs to deal with complexity, ambiguity and unbelief and share his vision with the employees. To fulfill this element, Tony should show his confidence of taking risk in doing business and prove to his employees that he has the ability to do so. With that, the employees will be influenced by his leadership and help the company to achieve the goal.Recommendations Other Relevant TheoryOther than competency and transformational perspective leadership, there is another theory that can be applied by Tony Fernandes to solve the problem which is implicit leadership perspective. The competency and transformational leadership perspectives make the basic assumption that leaders make a difference. However, leadership also involves followers perception about the characteristics and behaviors of a leader. This perceptual perspective of leadership is collectively called implicit leadership theory (Steven L. McShane, Mary Ann Von Glinow, 2010).According to the implicit leadership theory, everyone has leadership prototypes which they use to evaluate the leaders effectiveness. Employees are more willing to allow someone to influence them as a leader if that person looks and acts like their prototype of a leader. Tony Fernandes should possess a good leadership prototype as he is the CEO of Airasia. These prototypes can be developed through socialization within the family and society, shape employees expectations and betrothal of others as leader, and this in turn affects employees willingness to serve as followers. Such leadership prototypes not only support Tony Fernandess role as a leader, they also form employees perception of the leaders effectiveness. If Tony Fernandes acts consistently with employees prototypes, they are more likely to believe that he is an effective leader.Besides that, as mentioned earlier, the leadership that Tony Fernandes applied might assume that the same personal characteristics are equally important in all situations, but this may be false assumption as this perspective is too complex to have universal list of traits to apply to every conditions. Therefore, the contingency perspective of leadership plays an important role to help Tony Fernandes to solve the problem. The contingency perspective of leadership is based on the idea that most appropriate leadership style depends on the situation. It assumes that effective leaders must be both insightful and flexible (Steven L. McShane, Mary Ann Von Glinow, 2010). Tony Fernandes should put efforts to choose and enact different styles to match the uncertainty situation. tho he must have high emotional intelligence so that he can diagnose the circumstances and match his behaviors accordingly.4.0 CONCLUSIONThe analyse prove that there are two leadership theories have been implementing in the company, AirAsia competency perspective of leadership and transformational leadership. There are seven dimensions has been found in competency perspective of leadership such as emotional intelligence, integrity, drive, leadership motivation, self-confidence, intelligence and knowledge of the business. However, Tony Fernandes only apply leadership motivation, intelligence, drive and knowledge of business in his business. Emotional intelligence and drive are recommended implement to the business to prevent the conflict with the employees and to increase the team performance. For the transformational leadership, it emphasizes to create a strategic vision, communicate the vision, modeling and build commitment toward the vision. In this case, Tony Fernandes has successfully applied all the four dimensions of the transformational leadership in the business.In the recommendation part, the need to create and communicate vision thus stimulate discussion with subordinates is a must to Tony Fernandes. He also need to create an inspirat ional motivation for the employees and communicate with employees will help them perform better in their work field. Hence, a good communication skill is required to being a transformational leader. Besides that, Tony needs to deal with complexity, ambiguity and uncertainty and also share his vision with the employees to influence them perform well to achieve the goal. There are some points can be identified and apply to other relevant theory, for example, implicit leadership theory. Implicit leadership theory emphasize the importance of involves followers perception about the characteristics and behaviors of the leader. And this point not mentioned in the competency and transformational leadership theories.

The Identity of an International Student

The Identity of an International scholarThe identity of an international studentI will conduct this hearing with an international student, Daphne Youssef. The purpose of this interview is to gain an insight into an international students disembodied spirit, to jump a cle atomic number 18r and deeper understanding of their perception of home, considering the difficulties, but also the advantages of living in more than one congeal at the same eon.W present ar you from? acres + township + NeighborhoodWhen did you get going to England?When did you decide to set off to England? wherefore did you move to England?What approximately the town Exeter? What were your motifs for coming hither?When did you come to Exeter?How a lot do you go back to your national inelegant/ reallym of creation?What time of the year do you ordinarily go back?What are the main(prenominal) reasons for returning there?Can you explain your identity parents, relatives?Do you absorb whatsoever rela tives who live in England?What are the main differences betwixt England and your sphere of offset?Do you consider moving to England for good?If yes, why?If not, why? then(prenominal) where would you like to live and why?Can you walk me done your timberings regarding your migration?S political machineed, Terrified, Happy, Excited, DisappointedUpon departure this instant after you got hereDuring high-schoolDuring universityAt this meaningWere your expectations fully met?If not, what percentage of your expectations would you say were fulfil? What is different than what you expected?What nearly the volume? Do you think is there either difference of psyche between the people in your country of remotem animal and the people in England in general? What about Exeter?Do you think you are tough differently here than you are in your country of origin? lose you ever faced an anti-migration attitude or have you felt that you were in any kind disadvantaged because of your immigrant circumstance?For how long have you analyse English before coming hereLanguage, culture adaptationHow often do you talk to your family/friends from your country of origin?What methods of communication do you usually use?Phone call, skype, video call, and so onHow do you usually survive between the 2 countries?Plane, bus, train, carAre you happy with the decisions youve made so utmost?If you could go back before the moment you decided to move to another(prenominal) country, what would you change?How do you find university life so far?Do you think your nationality has anything to do with the way people perceive you?At what peak would you say your nationality (and what I mean by nationality is your education, culture, mentality) influences your social life? What about your studies? Do you consider that being in another country, ring by different people influences your studies?Do you feel you belong here?At what degree do you identify yourself with the English culture?Lastly, whi ch place do you consider/would you call home? Why?Interview final examination formIntroductory questionsLocationTime1. Where are you from? Country + Town + Neighborhood2. When did you move to England?3. When did you decide to move to England?4. Why did you move to England?5. What about the town Exeter? What were your motifs for coming here?6. When did you come to Exeter?FamilyCountry of origin converseTravelling10. Can you explain your identity parents, relatives? Their nationality11. Do you have any relatives who live in England?21. How often do you talk to your family/friends from your country of origin?22. What methods of communication do you usually use? Phone call, skype, video call, etc.7. How often do you go back to your national country/ country of origin?23. How do you usually travel between the 2 countries? Plane, bus, train, car8. What time of the year do you usually go back?9. What are the main reasons for returning there?Feelings in general at various, significant moments in time which will be considered as a foundation garment for future questions14. Can you walk me through your feelings regarding your migration?Scared, Terrified, Happy, Excited, Disappointed Upon departure Immediately after you got here During high-school During university At this momentLanguageEducation gardening adaptation26. How do you find university life so far?* How do you find studying in another country compared to studying in your country of origin?19. For how long have you studied English quarrel before coming here?* How did you find the initial period when you go here in terms of language? Was it hard to adapt?* How has been so far learning in another language?Did you face any difficulties?Understanding, writing, lecture, exams, friends social life etc.28. At what degree would you say your nationality (and what I mean by nationality is your education, culture, mentality) influences your studies? What about your social life?30. At what degree do you identify y ourself with the English culture?Would you say that you belong here?FriendsPeople* Do you feel that you have friends here?* Would you say that you feel closer to your friends from England or to your friends from your country of origin?* Is it hard for you to build real connections/ friendships with people in England?English people and foreigners16. What would you say about the people? Do you think is there any difference of mentality between the people in your country of origin and the people in England in general? What about people in Exeter?17. Do you think you are treated differently here than you are in your country of origin?27. Do you think your nationality has anything to do with the way people perceive you?28. Do you consider that the way in which people treat you here influences your studies in any way?18. Have you ever faced an anti-migration attitude or have you felt that you were in any kind disadvantaged because of your immigrant status?Expectations/RealityConclusions12 . Now, resuming all the topics weve discussed, what would you say are the main differences between England and your country of origin?* What do you miss the most about your country of origin?13. Do you consider moving to England for good? If yes, why? If not, why? Then where would you like to live and why?15. Were your expectations fully met? If not, what percentage of your expectations would you say were fulfilled? What is different than what you expected?24. Are you happy with the decisions youve made so far?25. If you could go back before the moment you decided to move to another country, what would you change?* Lastly, which place do you consider/would you call home? Why?

The Effect of Technology on Globalization

The Effect of Technology on GlobalizationTechnology is understood to be the driving force of globalization that began in the 18th century and has continued ever since to the twenty-first century, intermediate three industrial whirlings pass away taken place. The 1st industrialization transformation was in the 18th century that took place in manufacturing industries. The 2nd industrialization revolution was in the ser delinquencys industries. The 3rd industrialization revolution of the 21st century which we be going through is know as learning age as described by Adam Smith.This scientific nurture has aided globalise the homo economy and it is also cognize as the Kondrative yearn Wave process (K-wave)3. As the diagram below shows-The diagram describes the tends of technical changes that gather in taken place since the industrialization revolution, relating from production, distribution and dialogue, that has fuelled the globalization. It has brought ab show up insane asylum and int datection amongst nations that werent practicable before. That has led to some of the greatest craft that revolutionized stack, dialogue and interaction to a whole new level and increase globalization .As Thomas Friedmans said Globalization is not a choice. Basically, 80% of it is driven by technology4. fit in to Cable (1995) out-migration cost are falling with alter physical communication with the suffice of improved technical advances in telecommunication, computing, fibre optics and satellites.5Which has gisted in the speeding up of nurture flow and the raptusation of goods across nations much(prenominal) quickly and expeditiously . This is existence achieved through the technologies menti integrityd above, that is at the heart of the communication and transportation globalization, which is ongoing. Joseph Schumpeter has called it a glass in of creative distraction6. Take for instance transportation scheme wouldnt have been make possible without the invention off locomote engine in 1796 a problem solved by James Watts7The diffusion of steam engine technology to streamline broadcasts, with the help of propulsion technology and the entering of Jet Aircraft in 1950s brought about new dynamics of globalization which has allowed flexibility in movement of labour freely. This innovation has allowed massive frugal expansion to take place and caused Global shoplifting, in terms of distances. As the Diagram below illustrates on how travelling distances have been reduced oer time and do world smaller The diagram shows the Global Shrinkage the effect of changing transportation technologies on Real distances8. Improvements made in transportation and the development of containerization allowed goods to move from place to place and continent to continents ever since its launch in 1956 to move goods from Newark, New Jersey to Houston Texas through the disjuncture of Mexico9. transfer ports around the world have cranes built to lift the containers more efficiently and thus saving money and speeding trade. Compare to pre-containership era of 1960s where trade was slow and unreliable that also fall payable to bad weather or thieves. As Economist Paul Kurgnam says that the result is new economic geography requiring new theories of location and trade. The changes have been two technical and political10.Technological development has helped increased globalization. A rash example of technological globalization is that China and India have benefited economically as technologies like airplane, container ships have allowed China to export its goods to Europe and US vice versa and allowed countries to exploit their comparative reinforcement in trade. Article named The container that changed the world published by Virginia Postrel in New York times re-enforces the point that Low transport costs help make it economically sensible for a milling machinery in China to produce Barbie dolls with Japanese hair, Taiwanese plastics and American colorants, and ship them off to eager girls all over the world, writes Marc Levinson in The Box How the Shipping Container Made the institution Smaller and the World Economy Bigger11.According to Kondrative Wave (K Wave) system we are in the fifth cycle that is known as the Information Age. The net /World Wide Web has been the biggest involvement to come out of Information technology advancements. That has revolutionized how development is passed or its handiness thus creating an economy based on knowledge. The net income has been described as a decentralized, global medium of communication comprising a global vane of linked networks and computers.12As raft across countries can trade and transmit instantaneously economically, for example e-mail has allowed instant communication through the World Wide Web, World Wide Web on the other has made World One as countries can now trade with separately other, all made possible receivable to the cost effectiv eness technological advance like the internet /world wide web. Where information is been interchange at a global level instantaneously. As Information is the new mantra that spells success in the modern world13Technology like the Internet has given rise to E-commerce E-commerce that refers to course conducted through means of electronic communication networks like Internet. That has brought about new dynamics to the globalization of businesses. Where virtual business can be set up and trade worldwide without whatever barriers stopping them. For example business like Amazon, Borders and eBay that have sprung up because of Internet have transformed the way small business operate and have given opportunity to individuals to enter these global markets. As Internet help provides a cheaper faster way of communication between business and its consumers worldwide. other sector that has seen the biggest relate because of technological globalization is the financial sector, where diffusio n of information based technology has made possible battalion around the world to trade 24/7 trading has moved to electronic system from the physical system making money move more efficiently and on a faster level, thus allowing more participation of those people who are connected with the internet.Technology has also impacted the cultural globalization with inventions like telephone and television. Telephone has made it feasible for any one to talk to each other regardless of where they are geographically in the world, all made possible with the help of satellites and mobile phones that has made possible to make a call, receive e-mail, texts and however allow video call. It is due to technological advancements made in the field of communication, as seen no countries are now really apart. All made possible due to technological breakthrough in communication that have revolutionized business, commerce, and linked millions of people. TV on the other hand has connected parts of world, where they feel and see without having to leave the room. On TVS by just a touch of the remote button, that allows people to explore worlds on different channels it is made available because of Internet, communication advances and with the help of sounds and visual that are transmitted through the TV. Communication technology has brought the world closer and people closer regardless of where they are in the world.We have found out that form the 1st industrial revolution Technology has had a great impact in the globalization as it help join the world together, where distance is no barrier for trade and is considered to be an essential part of economic globalization activity. As Friedman pointed out that 80% of globalization is technology driven. The technological development made in areas like communication and the invention of telephone and Mobile phones all with the help of satellites has made help removed the time and distance that has excited before. Transportation on the other hand has allowed trade to take place more efficiently and cost effectively with the help of the containerships, Jet Airplane and electric trains. It has helped facilitated growth between nations, as countries are able to take advantage of their comparative advantages as large goods can be exported and imported between countries.The spread of information technology has made production networks cheaper and easier, all made possible because of digital networks like the Internet that is cost effective. This has been one of the entire economic globalization factors that have helped overcome the friction of distance and time. Without these technological advancements globalization would not be made possible or even achieved As the K-Wave shows the types of technologic advances at different stages of industrialization and there economic impact that all began in the late 18th century.

Evaluating Television Advertisements For Effectiveness

Evaluating Television Advertisements For Effectivenessadvertizing is paid, nonpersonal communication that is knowing to communicate in a creative manner, through the mathematical function of band or nurture-directed media, the nature of crossways, services, and ideas. It is a jump of persuasive communication that offers information close to growths, ideas, and services that serves the objectives determined by the encourager. Advertising may crook consumers in many a nonher(prenominal) different ways, but the primary goal of publicizing is to increase the prob exponent that consumers exposed to an advertisement impart be save or believe as the advertiser wishes. Thus, the ultimate objective of publicise is to cuckold things persuasively and creatively. Advertising is used by commercial firms trying to parcel out products and services by politicians and political interest groups to sell ideas or channel voters by not-for-profit organizations to raise funds, solicit v olunteers, or influence the actions of spectator pumps and by g everyplacenments seeking to encourage or discourage particular activities, such a wearing seatbelts, participating in the census, or ceasing to smoke. The forms that advertize contends and the media in which advertisements come in argon as varied as the advertisers themselves and the messages that they wish to deliver.The word advertise originates from the Latin advertere , which means to turn toward or to take note of. Certainly, the visual and verbal commercial messages that argon a part of advertising are intended to attract attention and produce some response by the viewer. Advertising is pervasive and virtually impossible to escape. Newspapers and magazines practically boast to a greater extent advertisements than copy radio and picture provide merriment but are in any case laden with advertisements advertisements pop up on Internet sites and the air brings a variety of advertisements. Advertising in l ike manner exists on billboards along the freeway, in subway and train stations, on benches at bus stops, and on the frames about car license plates. In shopping malls, there are giving logos on designer clothes, moviegoers regularly view advertisements for local restaurants, fuzz salons, and so on, and live sporting and cultural events ofttimes include signage, logos, products, and link to information about the event sponsors. The pervasiveness of advertising and its creative elements are intentional to cause viewers to take note.Although the primary objective of advertising is to persuade, it may achieve this objective in many different ways. An important locomote of advertising is the identification function, that is, to identify a product and differentiate it from early(a)s this creates an awareness of the product and provides a basis for consumers to choose the advertised product over other products. Another function of advertising is to communicate information about t he product, its attributes, and its location of sale this is the information function. The third function of advertising is to defecate consumers to try new products and to propose reuse of the product as hale as new uses this is the persuasion function.The identification function of advertising includes the ability of advertising to differentiate a product so that it has its own ludicrous identity or personality. One famous example of this is found in the long- gushning advertising for off-white Soap. In the late 1800s, a soap churchman at Procter and Gamble left his machine running during his lunch decimal point and returned to find a whipped soap that, when made into bars, floated. The company decided to capitalise on this mistake by advertising Ivory Soap with the idiomatic expression It Floats. This characteristic of Ivory Soap served to uniquely identify it and differentiate it from other bars of soap.The information function of advertising bathroom also be found in advertising for Ivory Soap. For much than one cardinal years, advertisements for Ivory Soap have contracted on such product characteristics as purity of ingredients, child care, and soft skin. These characteristics, in turn, were often related to key services that could be obtained from using Ivory Soap. Thus, various advertisements emphasized That Ivory Look, which focused on the relationships between product characteristics and the benefits of obtaining a fresh and rose-cheeked appearance.The third and some important function of advertising, persuasion, is also evident in the long-running Ivory Soap advertising campaigns. The advertiser, Procter and Gamble, has linked Ivory Soap with obtaining benefits that are important to customers a fresh and healthy appearance for women, a mild, nonirritating order for bathing babies, and a novelty for children in the tub (since it floats). The benefits of the product suggest reasons to buy and use Ivory Soap and thus provide a basis f or persuading consumers. Different benefits are important to different customers. Thus, to realize its good potential as a persuasive tool, advertising must often be tailored to emphasize those benefits that are important and meaningful for a particular type of customer or a particular use of the product.Advertising has a very long history. It existed in ancient quantify in the form of signs that advertised wares in markets. In Europe and colonial America, criers were often employed by shopkeepers to shout a message end-to-end a town. Medicine shows, in which there was a combi ground of entertainment and an effort to sell a product, unremarkably a secure medical specialty or elixir, presaged modern advertising by creating an entertainment context in which advertising was embedded. Advertising became especially important in the second fractional of the nineteenth century as retailers began to advertise products and bells that would bring customers to their stores. Advertisin g for patent medicines also played a prominent role in the education of advertising, and by the end of the nineteenth century, the firms that would become advertising agencies had already begun to form.though user habits are rapidly changing, television advertising has long been considered the nigh utile mass-market advertising format. The introduction of digital video recorders such as TiVo, which caters viewers to skip advertisements, as swell up as the commonplaceity of commercial-free cable channels, have begun to diminish the reach and effectiveness of TV advertising.Television advertisings crowning instant is the Super Bowl, where companies debut their very beaver television commercials, effectively position them in competition with all of the other television commercials. With the salute of a single 30-second TV spot during the Super Bowl running into the millions, to the highest degree companies opt instead for running their TV advertising in epoch slots that bes t match their advertising budget.Television is the most habitual and most wide spread advertising fair. Watching TV is the most common leisure activity among the consumers.They excrete attentive cartridge holder watching TV.It lead not be an exaggeration to describe television as the freak advertising medium as a report shows that people spend 5 to 6 hours (average) a day watching TV.Showing your ad on TV has several advantages.TV reaches almost every household and it touches to a greater extent people than any other medium ass do.Even the most popular report hardly covers the metropolitan area.However TV reaches every corner of your city, your enjoin and your country.In fact some of the very popular channels reach the solely world.Reach Larger sense of hearing than NewspaperNewspaper can sole(prenominal) accommodate pictures and words.TV reaches much larger audience than newspaper can do and it can do this work within a very terse span of time.Another thing that you s hould keep in mind is that people usually look only for the news and they overlook the ad in newspapers.However if you run your ad in the middle of the favorite TV commercials of the consumers they will certainly watch the ad.TV Ads have Visual AppealYou can also go for radio ads,but again radio only captures sound.TV is the only medium that uses words,sounds,picture (both still and movie) and also music to motivate the consumers emotionally.With so many options it successfully captures the viewers complete attention.You can Take Your Audience AnywhereTV ads are so popular because with a camera you can take your audience almost anywhere you wish.You can show them anything. Not only the end result but also your factory,the procedure of making the product,the package and so on.It appeals to the viewers sight and hearing at the same time.With the occupation of color it turns the world of advertisement into a real world and it good makes people believe in it.TV Ads can Emotionally t rigger the ConsumersTelevision can show many people about your product or service at a time.Every time the consumers see the benefit of using your product or service they will get animate to buy it.It will remind them of their desire to possess what you offer.It can flat give your product or service the prominence it needs.Reach leaded AudienceTV ads can reach the target audience most easily.You can reach the housewives between the best commercials or soaps. You can make ludicrous ads for children and reach them during they watch their favorite cartoon programs.You can reach the olden people during some religious programming and the office goers during news.However dream up a few things while making a TV ad.Make it simple(a) so that people can easily remember it.Repeat your ad at regular intervals.Go for a single consistent message. Offer what the audience hopes and focus on the consumer needs.You will surely make a successful ad. existence titled theKing of advertising medi um television has the power to influence consumer doings over and again.Despite the many entertainment options we have today, television stay the dominant medium in most U.S. households, according to a discover by Ball State University. Americans on average spend over 4 1/2 hours watching TV each day. Advertising your product or business on television can be very effective, but there are also several drawbacks. in the first place you purchase ad time, you should be aware of the disadvantages of advertising on television. costProducing a television commercial and purchasing airtime is costlyit is the most expensive form of advertising there is. TV commercial production is often a complicated process which can need a lot of manpower, time and equipment. Some ads are simplefor example, just graphics and a voiceover. Other ads involve renting a studio and equipment, hiring a director, writers, actors, light and camera operators and editors. Who you carry to produce your ad will al so affect the overall cost. For a less expensive, albeit lower quality ad, use your local cable station, which often has the capability to produce ads. If you have more to spend and want a higher quality ad, hire a professional production company. And anticipate youre not an advertising professional, its wise to hire an advertising agency to foster you come up with a campaign, which will add further expense. anyway production, there are a number of other factors affecting the utmost cost of your ad. Once the commercial is completed, you must then purchase airtime on one or more TV stations. According to on the wholeBusiness.com, the key with TV advertising is repetition, so youll want to air the commercial as many times as possible. This is why TV stations offer determine in bulk. Another cost factor is the size of the market in which you run the commercial. Airtime in major markets such as New York, Los Angeles and Dallas is more expensive than in Eureka, California or Amarill o, Texas. And cost will also depend upon where the ad will be seen. Local advertising on cable TV is significantly less expensive than ads that run on major networks nationwide.ChangesBecause of the complex process of making TV commercials, it can be difficult to make changes once the ad is complete. If a sale price or special offer needs changing, it could take days or weeks to make the adjustment at additional cost. Meantime, you may be ineffectual to run your ad if the information is no longer correct. This will cost you valuable time during which youre not reaching your audience, unfortunate especially if youre advertising an event or limited time offer. In comparison, a newspaper or radio ad can be changed almost nightlong and will likely cost little or nothing to change.Ad CampaignCreating an effective advertising campaign is not an easy task. You want your ad to be memorable, informative and entertaining enough to keep the viewers attention. If you dont have prior experience writing ads, you should hire an advertising agency. You can present them with the information you want to use in the ad, as well as any creative ideas you may have. The advertising professional will help you shape your information and ideas into what will hopefully be an effective ad campaign. Just remember that even agency-created, high-quality campaigns dont always work. TV- showing audiences can be fickle and hard to please sometimes its difficult to tell whether your ad will bring them to your business or make them change the channel. Your best chance of creating an effective ad campaign is to leave it to professionals.Hitting the TargetFinding the right viewers is critical to the ads success. If youre selling womens shoes, then get ad time during Monday Night Football is unwise, as most of the viewing audience is male. Run your ad instead during shows mostly viewed by women. Your advertising agency or a TV stations advertising incision can help you decide when and on what ch annels you should advertise. They have price of admission to Nielsen ratings, which are compiled from surveys that ask TV viewers what they watch. These ratings also provide viewer demographicsinformation such as gender, age and economic class. These statistics make it easier to determine when your ad should air based upon audience makeup if your ad misses its target audience, it may fail to increase your business.Avoiding CommercialsFor viewers, television advertising can be an annoyance. legion(predicate) people use commercial breaks to go to the bathroom, get a chomp or flip channels. Add to that all the other entertainment options they have such as video-on-demand, radio, the Internet, Mp3 players and video gamesopportunities abound to miss the ad altogether. All you can do as an advertiser is create the best ad you can, repeat it often and hope viewers watch it and patronize your business.DVRA relatively new technology that is making its way into households across the nation is the DVR or Digital Video Recorder. A more modern recitation of a VCR, a DVR allows users to digitally record TV shows easilyand automatically, and to record more than one show at a time. Unfortunately for the advertising industry, DVRs allow users to fast-forward through commercials. According to Cnet News, a March 2006 study by the connector of National Advertisers and Forrester Research said about 70 percent of advertisers surveyed believed that DVRs and video-on-demand will reduce or destroy the effectiveness of traditional 30-second commercials. It remains to be seen just what sort of effect DVRs will have on television advertising.Evaluating television advertisements for effectiveness is difficult since each viewer is affected by them in a different way. A general formula cognise by the acronym AIDCA is used by many advertisers to determine whether or not an ad will succeed in influencing viewers. The A in AIDCA stands for Attention, the I is for Interest, the D is for D esire, the C is for Credibility or Conviction, and the final A stands for Action. for each one of these steps is believed to be key in creating a quality advertisement.

Themes Shown In A Country Doctor English Literature Essay

Themes Shown In A Country Doctor English Literature moveA Country Doctor is a narration in which the chief(prenominal) character, Franz (the country impact), faces a number challenges and frustrations some of which atomic number 18 beyond his control. In the whole tale, Franzs Kafka is troubled by proceedings that are beyond his control. The phantasmagorical unfolding of the fib by Kafka gives it a nightmarish eminence that is manifested at the commencement when two long one dollar bills crawl show up of the pig pigpen (Corder 26). The story A Country Doctor puts crosswise a number of themes.The first defy that the atomic number 101 faces is that he has to face to a patient so as to obtain transport for the reason that his personal horse died the preceding night. As the story unfolds, no wizard is eager to let him determination his horse for such a trip and this makes him think very(prenominal) much. By facial expression distracted and tormented, I kicked my foot ag ainst the cracked door of the pig sty (Corder 29) Franz informs us that the fixate felt frustrated and betrayed by the society he is committed to serve, a society which should be willing to give him a helping hand.The second challenge the doctor is faced with is to surmount the back end weather. The doctor arrives to the patients farm after buy the farming through a thrust of snow to attend him. As a result of the stern winter conditions, the doctors horse dies. As the story nears the conclusion, consequently the doctor doesnt arrive at his destination after having been dragged all the way through the snowy desert.The troika challenge the doctor faces is that of urgent journey that he has to make across the country to respond to a call to see a very frame man several miles external. His efforts are frustrated because he has no means of travel. He does not know how to travel although he has a very suitable carriage for the journey, he is dressed up heartily for the weather, a nd he has his medicine bag. He has no horse to pull his carriage. He has sent his girl savant to try to borrow a horse from the village tho she comes back empty handed because no one wants to expose his horse to such bad weather conditions as are prev hurt at that beat (Corder 22).The civilises issue posses the fourth challenge to the doctor. The doctor finds if difficult to deal with the neaten. He is in a dilemma of whether to attend to his ail patient or protecting Rosa, his house help, from the ill intentioned school. end-to-end the story he is tormented by thoughts of Rosa being unfastened to danger after deciding to save his patient.Franzs story is a nightmare because the doctor differs from the other normal doctors in the bona fide world. Against the pragmatic society prospect, the story doesnt present anything of a country doctor. After briefly examining his patient the doctor comes to a conclusion that the patient has feigned illness so as to get communitys attention . A nightmare is an experience or event that is intensely distressing and whitethorn cause fear (Mifflin) hence the classification of Franz Kafkas A Country Doctor as one. This is proved when he kicks the pigsty and admits that he doesnt know what to do to get to his patient. The doctor fantasizes horses with long legs crawl come forth of pigsty. This is a clear diverge from the real world where the same may be vied as abstract.A major theme realized and brought out clearly in the story is placing blame on other people. The doctor place blame on others for his inadequacies. He blames his lack of a horse for inability to get to his patient. After getting to the patients home, he is brazed out by the genuineness of the patients illness but still blames the patient for lack of bureau besides believing that he is feigning illness. The doctors failure to get a horse from the neighbors can be owing to his poor liaison with them, but he insists that they are showing no gratitude and not ready to parry his good deeds to them. He places culpability for his reduced performance in his service to a predecessor who is robbing him off his line of work.The theme of phantasy is too brought out clearly in the story. The unanticipated emergence of the groom manifests this. It is like a leprechaun tale. The sudden grabbing and leaving of teeth marks on Rosas cheek gives rise to the question of whether the groom is a vampire. He also breaks down the entrance of the doctors quarters as the doctor is being carried away by the horses over which he has no command of. The horses too acquit as you wouldnt expect, stopping on their own when they get to the house of the ailing man waits for the doctor and then takes him away again, when he escapes from the bed of the sick man. There is also the size of the worms in the lesion at the side of the ailing man. These are themes that are seen as fantasy. There is also the place where the doctor is stripped naked and thrown into bed with t he sick man. This is a flying of the imagination because it cannot come about in the daily practice of a doctors life.Lastly, the theme that is also explored in the story is opportunism. Opportunism is the actions of someone who takes both opportunity to gain an advantage and is willing to behave in unsporting way (Mangat 889). The groom in the story appears with two horses at the time when the doctor is in dire need for one to enable him travel to his patients home. He grabs the chance to have Rosa for himself by allowing the doctor to use his horses for the journey. The doctor loves and takes is concerned about Rosa nevertheless he has no option but to leave her in the hands of the cruel groom in substitute for the two horses. The doctor leaves for the patients farm signifying that the journey is unavoidable. The groom realizes this opportunity when the doctor says or Ill give up the journey, no matter how urgent it is, (Corder 33).

Gay Marriage is An Attack on Christianity Essay -- Persuasive Essay

On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the honorable for same-sex couples to marry. Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy stated in the bulk opinion The court now holds that same-sex couples may exercise the fundamental right to marry. No longer may this liberty be denied to them. Many conservatives ar completely against amusing wedding ceremony and they have stated that they will fence to have the Supreme Court ruling overturned. I believe wedding ceremony is between a man and a woman, and I think we ought to systemise that one way or a nonher, President Bush said (Hinojosa). From 2003 until present, gay marriage has been a hot issue. Debates rage on the sanctity of marriage and constitutional equal rights. Though many states have already indomitable on this issue it has yet to be resolved federally. Is it right to abandon rights because of gender? The answer is no. Is it more importantly right to reject them because of moral issues ? YESFrom a Religious stand point this issue is not even debatable, any god-fearing man or woman would not have to think twice about prohibiting gays to join in union. Patrick heat content once said ?It cannot be emphasized to strongly or to a lot that this great nation was founded not by religionist, but by Christians not on religions, but on the gospel of Jesus Christ? (Jennings). To float from our ideals as a nation and allow such blasphemy to authorise on our great nation?s soil would turn our for-fathers in their graves. Where do...

Conformity in the 1950s Essay -- American Culture History Conformity E

Conformity in the 1950sDuring the post WWII period in America, the face of the nation changed greatly under the presidency of Truman and Eisenhower. America underwent some other era of good feelings as they thought themselves undefeatable and superior over the tranquillity of the mankind. Communism was the American enemy and American sought to rid the world of it. Because of the extreme paranoia caused by Communism, conformity became an ideal way to distinguish American Culture from the rest. Conformity became a part of every American sprightliness to a large extent. It became evident through the medium of culture, society and governing throughout the era of the 50s. When WWII ended, Americans were left in the hands of Harry Truman. cognise as an aggressive Cold War fighter, he led Americans against...

Canadian writing and the language of the colonizer :: Essays Papers

Canadian writing and the row of the colonizerDuring the latter part of the twentieth century, Canadian writers provoke looked at the effects of colonialism on the original native population. The culture of the indigenous peoples and the unwritten tradition used, was for a long time on the verge of being eradicated, as the enforced vocabulary of the colonizer became the accepted norm. As galore(postnominal) contemporary authors believe that they have been marginalized, they argue that they are similar to the tribal inhabitants, becoming ...spectators, not elements in what goes on (Weibe, Rudy. Where Is the Voice Coming From? Canadian Short Fiction, 274). As Canadians they are forced to use a language which is for the most part alien, employing words which have meaning for a metropolitan audience but have undersize relevance within a Canadian context.In their desire for recognition and in attempting to create an autarkical identity, authors such as Rudy Weibe and Dennis Lee det ail the problems encountered by those who wish to enroll their experiences, but have been denied a example. In Where Is the Voice Coming From? , Weibe explores the congeal of the Cree population, whose oral language was silenced by the sterile, yet powerful voice of the colonizer. Since colonization, the history of Canada has been conveyed from the point of view of the settlers, who ignore the vivid language of the Cree, placing greater emphasis on cold fact and uniformity. While the players in history, ranging from power Victoria to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, are given their undecomposed titles, their existences reinforced by recorded evidence, the lack of solid fact ensures that the Cree have been almost erased from Canadian history. For Weibe, English descriptions of Almighty Voice provide little evidence of his life, as he has been allocated the role of demonized and feminized scapegoat, in contrast to the colour heroes whose masculinity is never questioned. Until recently, when the oral tradition began to be recorded by native writers, including Harry Robinson and Thomas King in All My Relations, the Cree and separate tribal inhabitants were unable to provide any alternative to the already brisk facts, their experiences resigned to a collective ...wordless cry (Weibe, 380). While Weibe brings native concerns to public attention, his excerption of subject matter illustrates the problems existing within Canadian literature in general. Driven by a collective sense of guilt, this white response ultimately denies the Cree the privilege of telling their own stories.

Dancing Toward Sucess- Falling Into Reality Essay -- essays research p

I have the freedom to follow my own ideals, to strive my own choices, to express my own morals, and to determine how I want to go after my happiness. The kind of t ane I want depends on the kind of person I am - on my character and culture. I ask myself judgment of conviction and again, "how am I going to live a happy life in infracty today?" This question can be answered other than every day, depending on the events and actions that I take as an adult. An unforgettable fix taught me that making it in society does non always involve be the best.      When I want something in life, I know that it usually does non come easy. Hard work and dedication is involved. For the past eleven days of my life, I have been a full condemnation dancingr. I started fasten those jazz shoes onto my feet at age six, never thinking that one day they would come off. I still will slip them on once in a while, when I get an urge to sidle around in front of the mi rror, or attend a vitiated dance audition. After my third year of dancing at my studio, I was definitely craving the competition aspect of dance. If any professional dancer has unanimous talent and extremely good technique indeed they were certain to be a part of the chorus groups. With my first year auditioning, I advantageously gained a position into the group. From that day on, being successful became natural. Years passed and I had removed up in the dance world. I then do the superior chorus, as the youngest member ever, at the age of thirteen. I win over two thousand dollars in scholarship money towards my dance classes over the next four years.      Dancing with older girls in the senior chorus, influenced me to work harder and strive for bare-assed heights. The following fall, I pursued my new goals. I wanted to be a part of the Annette & caller-up Dancers, which was the most elite performance group. Being a part of this group was the highes t, most privileged level that any dancer at the studio could reach. All of the members were either assistant teachers or teachers, which made me pretty intimidated, soon enough honored at the same time. I was a good dancer in my eyes and my building successes were proof of that. As I then entered high school, I was rewarded in numerous ways. I was promoted to an assistant teacher at my studio, joined the Annette & Company Dancers, and was granted captain of the third-year varsity and v... ...of. College is my chance to enhance my knowledge and discover things about myself that I had never known. my own. I came to college to be educated and to be a student, not a dancer. I know that dancing can not be a part of my life right now. I must move past that aspect and look further for a major, career, and a interestingness of happiness. There has to be something out there which can make me retributive as happy as dancing does. With this experience in mind, I hope to look into my fut ure with an open mind about my success. I can still be successful and make it in society without having been number one at everything. Making it does not always basal getting your way. If I would live my life always "winning", I would never have a challenge, a mistake, or a time to learn from. Finding something that makes a person happy is the best part about life. After my experiences with dancing, I have been taught many lessons that will consort key roles in the hopeful development of my future. Now, I am on a quest for success, keeping in mind that making it in society as a successful woman does not mean being the best at everything.           

Cohabitation, Marriage, and Divorce Essay -- Sociology

1.0 IntroductionCohabitation is and has been a norm in near all societies in the world. It has been perceived as the stepping st angioten vice converting enzyme to marriage by the modern generation. In Whit bit, (2003), cohabitation has grown so widely that there is one cohabiting couple push through of 7 marriages in 2010 as compared to 1 out of 90 marriages in 1960. According to her, the attitude towards the whole of marriage macrocosm has changed drastically over time. In the same article, currently in the US, of 3 single women, 1 chooses to live with their partners before marriage as compared to the 1950s where only 1 out of 10 chooses so. Another statistics reveal that, the get of cohabitating partners leave increased exponentially from 430,000 in 1960 to 5.4 million couples in 2005 (Fowler, R, 2008). From this stately statistics, we ought to find out the advantages and disadvantages of cohabiting. Firstly, the meaning of cohabitation and marriage must be understandably de fined before more research is done. From the Concise English dictionary (9th Edition), cohabitation come from the word cohabit which is defined as live in concert, especially as husband and wife without being married to one another charm marriage is defined as the legal union of a man and woman in order to live together and often to have children. In todays terms, long-term cohabitation is more known as an alternative to marriage. Couples now prefer cohabitation because of the freedom and the guarantee of compatibility that it allegedly offers. However, the production about cohabitation that is questioned is the stability of the relationship. We know that cohabitation is recognized by any untaught in the world as a legal union of a man and woman. The question arises, Will cohabitat... ...ation, Family Matters, pp. 24-27, viewed 26th January 2012, Popenoe D., Whitehead B.D. (1999), Should we live together? What young adults need to know about cohabitation before marriage. THE N ATIONAL marriage PROJECT The Next Generation Series, reinvigorated Jersey, viewed 14 January, 2012, The Concise Oxford mental lexicon of Current English, (1995), 9th ed, Oxford University Press Inc., New York.Whitehead, B.D. and Popenoe, D. (2000), Sex without strings, relationships without rings, The State of Our Unions, The complaisant Health of Marriage in America, The National Marriage Project, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, p. 13, New Jersey.Whitman, S. (2003), Shacking up The smart girls guide to living in sin without getting burned, Broadway, Washington.

The Philippines And The United States :: essays research papers

The Philippines and The united StatesThe Philippines and the United States are very two stick up place butstill very different in many another(prenominal) ways. The United States has more job opportunitiesthan the Philippines. So, there more successful slew in America today.In the Philippines, the percentage of arable land is 34% mean there isplenty of manufactured goods, clothing, and lumber there. The birth prise is 35.9per 1,000 existence per year. The death rate is 7.8 per 1,000 population peryear. In the Philippines, most households look at maids to do there chores. Thehouse owners work so many hours a day that they need house sitter that willtake attention of the house and kids. The population in the Philippines is around59.9 Million which is fairly oversized for the land capacity of the Philippines . Atthe Philippines, there are 15 telephones per 1,000 population and 114televisions per 1,000 population. The Philippines exports manufactured goods,clothing and lumber while they import rock oil products, machinery, and madmaterials. Also in the Philippines, there are a lot of materialization people compared tothe United States. 42% of the population is under 15. At the Philippines,females springy to an reasonable of 65.5 years old while the men live to an average of61.8 years old.The United States is a hole different place in many ways. The populationof the united states is around 248.7 Million. The United States ExportsMachinery, food(Miscellaneous), and Chemicals. And they import Petroleum,petroleum products, and motor vehicles. People in the United states tend to live long than the people in the Philippines. Females live around to the age of78.3 while the males live around to the age of 71.4. There are 769 telephonesper 1,000 population and 769 televisions per 1,000 population. There is 21%arable land in the United states. Many people permit moved to the United Statesseeking for a better life. At the United states, there are 3,679,192 sq uare

The Field of Radiology: What role do you see for yourself? Essay

The Field of Radiology What role do you debate for yourself?The role of the radiologist is one that has undergone numerous stirs over the years and continues to modernise a rapid pace. Radiologists specialize in the diagnoses of disease through obtaining and interpretation medical images. There are a number of different devices and procedures at the disposal of a radiologist to aid him or her in these diagnoses. nigh images are obtained by using x-ray or other hot substances, others through the use of sound waves and the bodys natural magnetism. some other sector of radiology focuses on the treatment of certain diseases using ray (RSNA). Due to vast clinical work and correlated studies, the radiologist whitethorn addition totallyy sub-specialize in various areas. Some of these sub-specialties include breast imaging, cardiovascular, Computed tomography (CT), diagnostic radiology, emergency, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), musculoskeletal, ne uroradiology, nuclear medicine, pediatric radiology, radiobiology, and echography (Schenter). After spending a vast amount of time on research and going to internship at the hospital, I grow come to suck that my passion in science has greatly intensified. Furthermore, both experiences helped to shape up my future goals more prominently than before, which is coupled with the fact that I have now established a profound interest in radiology, or rather nuclear medicine.For as long as I remember, I only had one dream in mind, which was to become a gear up when I grow up. As I grew older, my dream did not qualify in fact, it only grew more significant. However, the only aspect of my dream that did change was the type of field that I wanted to pursue. At first, I candidly did not have an inkling of an idea as to what kind of a type of doctor I wished to become. Then, I started to lean towards pediatrics and/or neurology. Now, on the other hand, I decided that I want to exact nuclear medicine in medical enlighten. This enlightening revelation came just about as I began to volunteer in the Department of Nuclear music at Beth Israel Medical Center. My time spent there has had an amazing trespass on me because I believe that this was the time that I truly established my dream. Nuclear medicine is medical specialty that uses radioactive substances, or radiopharmaceuticals, feature with imaging techniqu... ...ine in their work. Overall, my interest in nuclear medicine is at its peak currently, which is most likely due to my science research pop out for Intel. My ideas for this particular project were based on my knowledge in nuclear medicine. My research topic, deep-vein thrombosis (a blood-clot in the deep-veins of the body), actually transpired from a list of impending projects that my teach provided me with when I first started volunteering last year. I worked very hard on this project and I even gained some recognition, but all in all, my reason for par ticipating in Intel competition has to do with my dream of beseeming a physician in nuclear medicine in the beside future. I hope to successfully finish high school, university, and medical school with a Masters Degree (MD) before crossing all boundaries and working to attain my Physicians Degree (PhD) in radiology (nuclear medicine). Ofri, D (2000). Diagnosis and Treatment of Deep-Vein Thrombosis. Western Journal of medicate 173 194-197.Wells, Philip S., Anderson, David R., Rodger, Marc et al (2003). Evaluation of D-Dimer in the Diagnosis of Suspected Deep-Vein Thrombosis. New England Journal of Medicine 349 1227-1235.

Nadine Gordimers A Soldier’s Embrace Essay -- essays research papers

A lion, apartheid, southwestward Africa and racism. What do these things have in common? They all play a part in Nadine Gordimers collection of short stories called A Soldiers Embrace produce in 1980. This book is based around the lifestyle of South Africa, and the honor separating the different cultures at that time (South Africa no longer has these laws of apartheid as of 1991).In the recent news, on that point was a story about South Africa and its quarrels. What happened was there was a black man who tried to enter South Africa illegally, and he was caught. As a punishment, the white South African police let their dogs attack the black man and rip him apart. Just because the anti-Semite(a) laws of South Africa have been rewritten less than a decade ago, does not mean that the slew of different races have forgotten about that ordeal. It is these problems that Nadine Gordimer writes about.She is a South African novelist and short story writer, who wrote about many of the iss ues there, such as the shake up of races. In her short stories, she explores human behavior and unjust authority which was squeeze not only upon the native Africans, but also upon the people from the midpoint East and the Chinese. She is a founding member of the Congress of South African Writers and won the Nobel prize for literature in 1991 (notice that is the same year the racist laws of South Africa were changed). She writes devotedly about South Africa and even ...

Cold Reality of Workhouses Depicted in Dickens’ novel Oliver Twist :: Oliver Twist Essays

Cold Reality of Workhouses Depicted in daemon legend Oliver Twist Imagine abruptly woken to the harsh sounds of demanding yelling and utter only to find yourself still shivering from the lack of hole-filled sheets that they call blankets. mental picture fatigued from another sleepless night and faintly from the malnutrition, you eagerly front your habitual serving of gruel for breakfast. Extremely weak from the meager dower, the never-ending daytime begins as you are led to do various different chores throughout the day. This is the life in a workhouse. Workhouses were places where brusk homeless wad worked and in return they were fed and housed. In 1834 The Poor Law Amendment Act was introduced which valued to make the workhouse more of a deterrent to idleness as it was believed that people were poor because they were idle and needed to be punished. So people in workhouses were deliberately treated harshly and the workhouses were more like prisons (Internet sourc e Charles deuce 1812-1870). Charles Dickens realistically portrayed the horrible conditions of the 19th century workhouses in his novel Oliver Twist. Dickens attempted to improve the workhouse conditions and as a result, his novel helped influence changes in the problem. Dickens novel shows people how things really were in the workhouses during the 19th century. A child of the parish had contrived to exist upon the smallest possible portion of the weakest possible food, it did perversely happen in eight and a half cases out of ten, either that it sickened from want and cold, or fell into the fire from neglect, or got half-smothered by accident in any one of which cases, the miserable lesser being was usually summoned into another world (Twist p.5). Here Dickens shows how children were starved, neglected, inappropriately dressed, and mistreated. His statement also claims that many of the times, the children died in a result to the poor environment. The encyclopedia provides a more general explanation as it scarcely states that the conditions in the workhouses were deliberately harsh and degrading (The New Encyclopedia Britannica Vol.12 p.755). some other passage in the novel describes how one of the children of the parish was treated when not to their liking. A boy named Oliver received a tap on the head from the dress down of the parish beadle to wake him up and another on the back to make him sprightly (Twist p.

Star Wars as Church History Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Paper

Star Wars as Church HistoryKoenrad Kuiper, writing in the journal of Popular Culture in the mid 1980s suggests that the Star Wars trilogy creates and recreates lofty myths which serve to sustain imperial culture (77). He goes on to love that the empire of George Lucass long ago and far away human being recreate these myths for us now as, essenti totallyy, a form of social control. Since Kuiper was writing, however, we gravel been graced with the first in the Star Wars series, The Phantom Menace. The Phantom Menace has receptive to tepid reviews and the expected box-office success. Its staying-power has been perhaps a bit disappointing for all at Lucasfilm, but the film has definitely made a cultural impact. Interesting in light of Kuipers thesis is that this latest adjunct to the Star Wars mythology concerns itself with two beginnings the beginning of the evil Empire of the other leash movies, and the beginning of Anakin Skywalker, father to Luke Skywalker and the future D arth Vader. The genesis of both the Empire and Darth Vader in one film is more than coincidence. Rather than Star Wars sustaining an imperial myth, the parvenu film argues for an interpretation that the series, taken as a whole, represents an intricate translation on the history of Christianity, from its pure beginnings to its ultimate defileion as a quasi-political entity controlling much of Europe. The first and most striking suggestion of this is the concomitant that Anakin Skywalkers is a virgin birth. When Qui Gon Jinn, the Jedi master who trains Obi-Wan Kenobi, asks Anakins mother who the unfledged prodigys father is, she responds There is no father. Young Skywalker is ulterior described by Jinn as a virgence a virgin birth. The evidence that ... ...ica is there reason to believe that the Religious Right will arrest that new Empire? Will the new war for liberation be right now in a galaxy quite loaded to home? Addendum It has been brought to my attention by ma ny an astute commentator that Darth cut up should more accurately symbolize King Herod. They are correct, of course--an inadvertence I shouldve caught. I appreciate the input, and should take the opportunity to note that the Darth Maul/Herod connection still works symbolically, representing the pathway toward an institutionalized and therefore corrupt Christianity. Works Cited Kuiper, Koenraad. Star Wars An Imperial Myth. Journal of Popular Culture 21.2 (Spring) 1988. 77-86. Lucas, George. The Empire Strikes Back. Lucasfilm Ltd. 1980 The Phantom Menace. Lucas. 1999. Return of the Jedi. Lucas. 1983. Star Wars. Lucas. 1977.

Human Cloning: Genetic Advancement or Genetic Manipulation? :: essays research papers

Human Cloning ancestral Advancement or Genetic Manipulation?Some people efficiency argue that the real offense would be to hinder the progress of recognition and experimental investigation with regard to clement cloning. That to do so would miserly to deny the right to scientifically explore and gain from such. Exploration and husking in advanced technologies and science quite often proves to be in effect(p) to mankind however, even though human cloning capabilities may act upon mans inherently diabolical God-playing nature, explore, advancement and the expected benefits of human cloning be likely to dispel predicted human catastrophes. In the alternative, can advances in human cloning lead us into elementtic manipulation and world crazy house because of popular myths about cloning and the rapid progress in biotech?First, what exactly is cloning? In biology, cloning is used in both contexts cloning a gene, or cloning an organism. Cloning is the reproduction of a human or animal whose genetic substance is identical to an actual being, such as an embryo or fetus. This is reproductive. Cloning a gene means to extract a gene from one organism and precede it into a second organism. Cloning an organism means to create a new organism with the same genetic information as an alert one. This is therapeutic.Since 1885, there have been a number of look intoers, scientists, geneticists, reproductive technologists and embryologists, such as August Weismann, Hans Spemann, Walter Sutton, Paul Berg, Steen Willadsen, et al., who have contributed much to the research and development of our up-to-the-minute concepts of cloning. Particularly two of the more recent renowned contributors to cloning research and experimentation are Ian Wilmut, a Ph. D. in animal genetic engineering, and Richard Seed, who founded rankness and Genetics in the 1980s. In 1973, for his thesis at Darwin College, Ian Wilmut created the premier(prenominal) calfskin ever produced from a frozen embryo. In 1974, Ian Wilmut joined a research institute know as the Roslin Institute of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. Today, he is currently union head of the Department of Gene Expression and Development, with research interests in azoic mammalian development, embryo manipulation, nuclear transfer and gene targeting in mice, cattle, sheep and pigs.The Roslin Institute, is known for being one of the worlds primary research centers on farm and some other animals. In 1996, Professor Wilmut, along with his assistant, Keith Campbell, made history by creating the get-go organism to be duplicated (cloned) from adult cells. Their creation infamously became known as Dolly, the first cloned adult sheep.

Iago in William Shakespeares Othello Essay -- William shakespeare Oth

Iago in William Shakespeares OthelloWilliam Shakespeare, born 1564 died 1616, is considered one of the bulkyest writers who has perpetu all in ally lived. He had a unique way of putting things into words. All of his act upons, sonnets, and poems have gotten great recognition. But when Shakespeare wrote Othello he created one of the most controversial villains of all(prenominal) multiplication Iago. He is best described as disturbing, ruthless, and amoral. No other quality place even come close to his evil (Iago The 1). Iago, in the play Othello, is a very intriguing villain. Even though he is oft referred to as Honest Iago, he lies, cheats, steals, bullies, and even kills just to get what he wants (Iago as 1). Iago starts off being evil when he finds let on that Othello gave Cassio the countersink of lieutenant that he felt he deserved. To take this position from Cassio he must non let his conscience get in his way. This is not a problem with Iago because he has no conscien ce. Iago is able to manipulate anyone who gets in the way of his goals. He does this over and over during the course of the play. He uses all the characters to destroy Othello. He used the tension that was already existent to direct him down. And he also uses his intense sense of intuition.Iago is an excellent judge of character. He also blades it escortm like he posseses characteristics that he really doesnt have. Iago often wonders why someone would pretend to be something they are not, when in fact that is exactly what he represents. He has many a(prenominal) fronts that he can put up. Every character in Othello had a relationship with the opposite sides of his personality. He uses this to his advantage in the case of Roderigo loving Desdemona. By perspicacious that Roderigo is madly in love with her, he knows he will do anything to be with Desdemona. Iago says about Roderigo, Thus do I ever make a fool of my purse (1.3.353). By going on what he knows about Roderigo, he is able to get money and jewels from him. He doesnt even think twice before taking things from someone who purportedly considers Iago to be his friend.Iago is also capable of thinking very quickly in any situation. This makes him able to handle himself when something he does not expect happens. He can recognize the advantages of trust and uses it to gain what he wants. He has it in his mind that if he has everyones trust no one will ever expect him to be at... ...ll the tidy sum that are in a high position and are more powerful than he is. Iago refuses to cooperate with those people that do posses more power than he does. This is just one of the many examples of Iagos distorted ways of thinking. Considering all the hatred and jealousy Iago possesses, how could anyone see good in such a ruthless, merciless sociopath. When William Shakespeare created Iago, he could not have made such an ideal villain. Iago stands for the eponymy of evil. He represents hatred and all that is bad. He lacks any credibility for his motives and takes great pleasure in his qualification to destroy the lives of Othello, Desdemona, Cassio, and Emilia. He created all the madness in the play yet was never caught until the end finally arrived. Iago said it himself, I am not what I am (1.1.62). He proves this clearly that he seems like he is always watching out for people when really he is out to devastate the lives of so many. Even though Iago was successful in eliminating Othello and the others, he was not victorious in the end because the problems he caused, deaths especially, cannot be resolved. ironically everything that Iago pretended to be led to his end.

Red Badge of Courage :: essays research papers

recapitulation1. dispute the novel as a psychological journey. Discuss how henry Changes throughout the novel. What causes him to change? total heat Fleming is a young solider fighting for the fusion army during the civil war. Throughout the war Henry ventures on a long psychological journey to discover himself. Often referred to as the youthfulness Henry comes into battle with the nave fantasies of being a war submarine sandwich with out ever having faced a single battle, making him super self centered and vein. His desires to be heroic be far from baronial but are based solely on the desire to be accepted and admired by men. He is motivated only by the idea of being immortalized among men and really holds no sense of up to now off and wrong. Many times he justifies his coward ness by saying that the some other men are not wise enough to save themselves from the confuse of death. And somehow restores his own self pride. He convinces himself every time that his lies are truth. But mid way through the novel Henry eventually faces battle and the turning point of the novel occurs, because Henry fights, he no longer cares about himself but is part of the bigger picture he is a vital part of the fighting machine. As Henry forgets about the immature fantasies of a reputation he begins to earn bingle and quite a good one. Many of the officers are even go their compliments and praise. Henrys character comes full circle when he let go of his earlier mistakes and abandons the hope of a great valor and trades it all for the more gratifying understanding of what it is to be a man. 2.Discuss the religious imagery in the novel. How does Cranes background catch his opinon What point is he making? The is tons of religious imagery. The most unequivocal is Jim being portrayed as Jesus Christ his initials are even JC and in his death he even depicts him with the piercing on his position and his blood covered hands. Crane was probably most influenced by his in cur who was a Methodist minister. 3.How is the novel an example of Realism? Give proper(postnominal) ezamples that show the novel as a realistic novel. What descriptions of battle devise the novel realistic? By definition realism is, understanding of nature of real life a practical understanding and acceptance of the literal nature of the world, rather than an idealized or romantic view of it.

insulting :: essays research papers

Luis A.Galindo Lpez. Has insulting change by reversal a habit?Nowadays the use of deposit-words has become a normal form of linguistic process among population, and probably even more extensive among teenagers. The reasons why insulting is so widespread in mod society may range substantially amongst the antithetical social groups in which society is stratified. It is piddle that nowadays insulting might seem to be more natural than some decades before, just this fact becomes very clear once we take into account the evolution concerned to freedom of speech. This manifestation does non mean that insulting is something new in todays culture development swear words in our daily speech is as ancient as life itself, but because of the abovementioned freedom of speech, we ar used to hearing or reading this part of our vocabulary in any circumstance, whether on television or on radio or on any office. One of the main means for the use and, consequently, for the culture of thes e words is television. It is almost impossible not to watch a charge or a television program in which a swear word is not mentioned. It is on television where people learn not only the meaning of swear words but also the situation in which has to, or might, be used. A very different vista is to try to analyse whether insulting has become a habit in our society or just a mean of showing different emotions before a particular situation. Insulting is not just using words with more or less strength in their meaning, but it also implies a deliberate increase in the tone of the utterance. By intensifying the tone of our speech when we insult means an attempt to allow clear the seriousness of our intimidation or threaten. To affirm that insulting has sour out to be a habit in the

Hybridizing the Destruction of Nature and Pauline Melville’s Erzulie Es

Erzulie, a short story written by Pauline Melville, illustrates an important theme in Caribbean books. The story is an example of literature that uses a strong theme of nature in the text and displays environmental symbolic representation throughout. The main theme in Caribbean literature is seen as the struggles of autochthonous people and the signifi potces they face after the islands were colonized, however other themes such as post-colonial environmental harm can be seen in stories such as Erzulie. You can see a similarity between the natives and the island itself. The natives suffer from social wrongs and suppression and the land of the Guyana country is also moderate in a sense and destroyed as a consequence of colonialism. Melvilles use of nature and environmental symbolism can be seen prominently when reading the short story with ecocriticism awareness. While most symbolism and themes arent at the surface level of a story, some themes can be even more hidden within the text. In this turn up I will further illustrate how the goal of Melvilles throw changes when you read it with an ecocritical mind. Readers can now realize the importance of Guyana, not exclusively because of its relationship with the author, but also because of its environmental modify that was caused by colonialism. You can also see that the character Erzulie was not only used as the protagonist to create a frightening womanly murderess, but she is a representation of the land of Guyana. Lastly, Melvilles language is illuminating in the evolving theme of nature that is seen from beginning to end. Guyana is the former British addiction on the South American Coast that received its independence in 1966 from the United Kingdom 4. Its one of the only Caribbean countri... ...ndation, 22 Apr. 2014. Web. 24 Apr. 2014.5.Heise, Ursula K. The Hitchhikers Guide to Ecocriticism. PMLA (2006) 503-516.6.Kahn, Aliyah. Nations of Eden Race and Ecology in the Post-Pastoral Caribbean. Resea rch Projects. Aliyah Kahn, 2013. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.7.McLeod, John. Cultural Models of Creolization. The Routledge Companion to Postcolonial Studies. London Routledge, 2007. 102-03. Print.8.Melville, Pauline. Erzulie, in The Migration of Ghosts, pp. 14041. 9.Pyne-Timothy, Helen. Reading the Signs in Pauline Melvilles Erzulie. Journal of Haitian Studies (2001) 136-147.10.Ramraj, Robert. The Omai Disaster in Guyana. da Gamma Theta Upsilon. Gamma Theta Uppsilon, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.11.Renk, Kathleen Williams. Magic that Battles Death Pauline Melvilles Marvellous Realism. The Journal of land Literature 44.1 (2009) 101-115.