Anorexia Nervosa Essay -- essays research papers

Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by a refusal to maintain a minimal normal body weight. A disturbance in perception of body shape and weight is an essential feature of anorexia nervosa. It appears to be far more present in industrialized societies, in which there is an copiousness amount of food and in which being considered attractive is linked to being thin. The cark is most common in countries like the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia and Japan. More than 95% of cases of anorexia nervosa occur in females between the ages of 14 and 45 years. Most researchers agree that out of every 200 American girls between the ages of 12 and 18, one forget develop anorexia to some degree. Therapists find that persons with anorexia usually lack self-esteem and feel they can gain admiration and attention by losing weight and becoming thin. at that place is no single cause of anorexia nervosa, because its a complex disorder with multiple causes that may be different for every person. Fr om what is know it seems that this is a disorder of many causes that come together to produce the illness. These recognized causes include the nature of the personality of the girl herself, aspects of her family its members and relationships, and stresses and problems occurring outside the home, often at school. There is an increase jeopardy in families in which there are other anorexics and this probably indicates a genetic cause also. Some theorists have pointed to socialcultural factors as potential causes ...

Use of Symbols and Symbolism in Edgar Allen Poes The Raven Essay

Use of Symbols and Symbolism in Edgar Allen Poes The RavenLiterature would not be the same if the author didnt take symbolism into account dapple writing the piece. One of the worlds best writers, Edgar Allen Poe, is a superb example of this representation that has intrigued mankind for centuries. Poe uses various forms of symbolism to play hit the emotions of his readers. Using elements of nature, dread, superstition, and legend, Poe can create a world of trepidation in the minds of the readers his poems and stories would not be the same without these elements. In his poem, The Raven, Poe has added unique elements to scare his readers, overhear them to read on, and find themselves in an alternate world of mystery and lost hopes.The most obvious symbol is the raven itself. When Poe had decided to repeat the word nevermore, he found that it would be most effective if he used a non-reasoning creature to utter the word. It would make little sense to use a benevolent, since the human could reason to answer the questions the man asks the bird. It is important that the answ...

Various Learning Disabilities Essay -- Diseases, Disorders

Learning DisabilitiesUnlike other disorders an individual may have, there is no quick way and roaring way to confirm or deny a acquirement disability. There is no x-ray, blood tests, easy and quick surveys to help educators determine whether a acquisition disability exists. Many of the problems with identifying and assisting children with learning disabilities are to have knowledge of the various learning disabilities and how they affect students. The lack of information available to parents and teachers causes the students to continue to struggle in school and diagnosis for any disabilities to be postponed even further in their schooling. Finding reliable sources of information for learning disabilities is difficult. The subject is broad and many of the individuals pass information on the subject are doctors or professionals within the field of education. Similarly to the medical field, the opinions and research findings of the educational field very greatly amongst the rese archers and what those researchers are attempting to discover or reveal.The term learning disability applies to a multitude of different disabilities. This term can refer to a unique(predicate) disorder, specific disability, or a specific weakness within a student. Using the term learning disability is similar to grouping all people victuals in the United States as Americans. An important point of learning disabilities is they can occur with other disorders such as ADD or ADHD. This does not rigorous they occur with every disability, but can be present or contribute to a learning disability (Horowitz, Ed. D and Golembeski, Ed. M. par 9).The common learning disability in reading is called dyslexia. Reading problems occur in a student when they have difficulty unders... ...basics. 16 March 2012.Kemp, M.A, Gina, Melinda Smith, M.A and Jeanne Segal, Ph.D. HelpGuide.org. January 2012. http//www.helpguide.org/mental/learning_disabilities.htm. March 2012.Pilgrim, Fionna. dysTalk. 24 July 2009. http//www.dystalk.com/talks/85-the-7-causes-of-dysgraphia. March 2012.Pirotte, OD, FCOVD, Patrick J., Brandon R. Fisher, OD and Andrea J. Baker. Childrens Vision Information Network. January 2011. http//www.childrensvision.com/. March 2012.Tian, Stan. Health Guidance, Health Guidance for better health. 2012. http//www.healthguidance.org/entry/12786/1/The-Causes-of-Dyspraxia.html. March 2012.Welding, Dr, Robert. MedicineNet.com, We Bring Doctors fellowship to You. 2011. http//www.medicinenet.com/aphasia/page2.htm. March 2012.Wilson, Dr., Anna. About Dyscalculia. May 2007. http//www.aboutdyscalculia.org/causes.html. March 2012.

Sports Narrative - Track Competition :: Personal Narrative Essays

Personal Narrative- Track Competition The moment of truth was upon me. The official times, this includes whom fit for finals, for the cdm relay had been posted. My eyes scanned the page for the bold letters that spell ANDERSON. As I ran my finger across the page to where the times were posted, my ears began to shut out wholly outside noises, leaving me al 1 with the thump of my heart and the inhale and exhale of my lungs. Both began to increase in speed as my eyes narrowed in on the time.My sophomore year had begun and I wasnt sure whether or not I was going to do track this year. Last year I compete football in the fall and soccer in the spring. Not really enjoying it, the decision was made to play real futbol (soccer) in the fall, leaving the spring sports time open. My friend kept telling me how fun track was, so I decided to give it a try.As the first meet neared, things were going well. I made it onto the 4x100 team making me the third fastest kid on the team. The other me mbers of the relay were Jason Schmidt, Jeremy Willard and Rodney Schmidt. Jason and Jeremy were both the top dogs and Rodney and I were second from the bottom of the barrel.The 400 relay was my best event. We placed in every meet and even took home some medals as the season progressed. As the track year round for the home stretch, we had only three more meets to compete in the Tiger Invitational, regionals, and state.As the Tiger rolled around, there arose a question of whether or not to keep the team together or break it up and give the two seniors a chance to compete in other individual events at regionals. I actually didnt know about this possibility until about five minutes before the race began on Saturday. We were all huddled together preparing for the start. Jeremy came up to Rodney and me and told us that if we didnt do well the team might be dropped. Kicking our motivational drive into high, the four of us focused on only one thing running the time we all knew we could. Get ting into the blocks I felt more ready than ever. At the sound of the gun, I shot out of the blocks. I sprinted around the track, concentrating on making a great hand-off.

Management and Operations Management Theory Essay -- Business Manageme

Management and Operations Management TheoryABSTRACTThis paper defines the quaternion functions of focal point and the operations oversight theory. It thence provides an analysis of how the functions of management the operations management.THE FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTPlanning It is an act of formulating a program for a important course of action. The management defines a goal and puts forward its st ramblegies to accomplish the objectives defined.Organizing To disunite the work force into particular(prenominal) groups and giving sever completelyy group a specific travail. Organizing in like manner involves ensuring that a smooth flow of information and co-ordination exists between these groups. and then the basic aim of organizing is to simply divide the work load and define the tasks temporary hookup setting up deadlines in such a way that although varied groups do different things but they all work together with the help of each other towards achieving the same goal which has been predefined.Leading (Motivating) Leading or incite is simply to influence the employee in such a way that their output for the task given is most competent. This includes communication with the work force, recognizing and dealing with the problems they might be facing and also giving them good incentive to put in their best. Incentives bathroom include best performance awards. Further on leading also comprises of maintaining discipline within the establishment.Controlling This includes the analysis of the rate of achievement as compared to the objectives defined. If the rate of achievement is less than the original objectives, then specific measures are interpreted to make certain satisfactory results by increasing the efficiency of the output by the work force. If the analysis shows a flaw in the original objectives, then they are to be corrected.OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT THEORYOperations management deals with all the operations within an organization. Activities that are included in operations management are quality control, logistics, evaluations, managing purchases, inventory control, product design and production control.Operations management is simply defined as The design, operation and improvement of the internal and international systems, resources and technologies that create product and service combinations in any type of organization. Robert H. Lowson p.5It is important for an organization to... ...ciples or functions of management, then their operations management will suffer a blow. As seen from above, it is highly important for any organization, whether manufacturing or non-manufacturing, to act upon the functions of management. A plan, its modal value of action, execution and its analysis are important components for an organization. Their impacts on the operations management are positive and effective. As a result one cannot deny the contend of implementing these functions of management, for a prospering operations management and thus a successful organization.REFERENCES(1) Robert H. Lowson - Book entitle Strategic Operations Management The New Competitive Advantage. number category 2002. Page deed 5.(2) John N. Pearson , Jeffrey S. Bracker , Richard E. White - Article backing Operations Management Activities of polished, High Growth Electronics Firms. Journal Title Journal of Small Business Management. Volume 28. Issue 1. Publication Year 1990. Page Number 20+.(3) Michael E. Thorn - Article Title Applications of Technology and Risk Management. Journal Title SAM Advanced Management Journal. Volume 66. Issue 4. Publication Year 2001. Page Number 4+. Management and Operations Management Theory taste -- Business ManagemeManagement and Operations Management TheoryABSTRACTThis paper defines the four functions of management and the operations management theory. It then provides an analysis of how the functions of management the operations management.THE FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTPlanni ng It is an act of formulating a program for a definitive course of action. The management defines a goal and puts forward its strategies to accomplish the objectives defined.Organizing To divide the work force into specific groups and giving each group a specific task. Organizing also involves ensuring that a smooth flow of information and co-ordination exists between these groups. Thus the basic aim of organizing is to simply divide the work load and define the tasks while setting up deadlines in such a way that although different groups do different things but they all work together with the help of each other towards achieving the same goal which has been predefined.Leading (Motivating) Leading or motivating is simply to influence the employee in such a way that their output for the task given is most competent. This includes communication with the work force, recognizing and dealing with the problems they might be facing and also giving them good incentive to put in their best. Incentives can include best performance awards. Further on leading also comprises of maintaining discipline within the organization.Controlling This includes the analysis of the rate of achievement as compared to the objectives defined. If the rate of achievement is less than the original objectives, then specific measures are taken to make certain satisfactory results by increasing the efficiency of the output by the work force. If the analysis shows a flaw in the original objectives, then they are to be corrected.OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT THEORYOperations management deals with all the operations within an organization. Activities that are included in operations management are quality control, logistics, evaluations, managing purchases, inventory control, product design and production control.Operations management is simply defined as The design, operation and improvement of the internal and external systems, resources and technologies that create product and service combinations in a ny type of organization. Robert H. Lowson p.5It is important for an organization to... ...ciples or functions of management, then their operations management will suffer a blow. As seen from above, it is highly important for any organization, whether manufacturing or non-manufacturing, to act upon the functions of management. A plan, its mode of action, execution and its analysis are important components for an organization. Their impacts on the operations management are positive and effective. As a result one cannot deny the need of implementing these functions of management, for a successful operations management and thus a successful organization.REFERENCES(1) Robert H. Lowson - Book Title Strategic Operations Management The New Competitive Advantage. Publication Year 2002. Page Number 5.(2) John N. Pearson , Jeffrey S. Bracker , Richard E. White - Article Title Operations Management Activities of Small, High Growth Electronics Firms. Journal Title Journal of Small Business Mana gement. Volume 28. Issue 1. Publication Year 1990. Page Number 20+.(3) Michael E. Thorn - Article Title Applications of Technology and Risk Management. Journal Title SAM Advanced Management Journal. Volume 66. Issue 4. Publication Year 2001. Page Number 4+.

Management and Operations Management Theory Essay -- Business Manageme

forethought and Operations Management suppositionABSTRACTThis paper defines the four functions of management and the operations management theory. It then provides an epitome of how the functions of management the operations management.THE FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTPlanning It is an act of formulating a program for a definitive course of action. The management defines a goal and puts fore its st setgies to accomplish the objectives defined.Organizing To divide the cook force into specialized groups and giving each(prenominal) group a specific task. Organizing also involves ensuring that a smooth flow of cultivation and co-ordination exists between these groups. Thus the basic aim of organizing is to simply divide the represent load and define the tasks while setting up deadlines in such a way that although different groups do different things but they all work together with the help of each other towards achieving the same goal which has been predefined. lede (Motivating) Leading or motivating is simply to influence the employee in such a way that their output for the task given is most competent. This includes communication with the work force, recognizing and relations with the problems they might be facing and also giving them good inducing to put in their best. Incentives can include best performance awards. Further on leading also comprises of maintaining discipline within the organization.Controlling This includes the analysis of the rate of achievement as compared to the objectives defined. If the rate of achievement is less than the original objectives, then specific measures are taken to make certain satisfactory contributes by increase the efficiency of the output by the work force. If the analysis shows a flaw in the original objectives, then they are to be corrected.OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT conjectureOperations management deals with all the operations within an organization. Activities that are included in operations management are quali ty control, logistics, evaluations, managing purchases, inventory control, product intention and production control.Operations management is simply defined as The design, operation and benefit of the internal and external systems, resources and technologies that create product and service combinations in all type of organization. Robert H. Lowson p.5It is important for an organization to... ...ciples or functions of management, then their operations management pull up stakes suffer a blow. As seen from above, it is highly important for any organization, whether manufacturing or non-manufacturing, to act upon the functions of management. A plan, its mode of action, execution and its analysis are important components for an organization. Their impacts on the operations management are positive and effective. As a result one cannot deny the need of implementing these functions of management, for a successful operations management and thusly a successful organization.REFERENCES(1) Robert H. Lowson - Book Title Strategic Operations Management The New Competitive Advantage. Publication course of study 2002. Page Number 5.(2) John N. Pearson , Jeffrey S. Bracker , Richard E. pureness - Article Title Operations Management Activities of Small, High Growth Electronics Firms. daybook Title Journal of Small Business Management. Volume 28. edit out 1. Publication Year 1990. Page Number 20+.(3) Michael E. Thorn - Article Title Applications of engineering science and Risk Management. Journal Title SAM Advanced Management Journal. Volume 66. Issue 4. Publication Year 2001. Page Number 4+. Management and Operations Management Theory Essay -- Business ManagemeManagement and Operations Management TheoryABSTRACTThis paper defines the four functions of management and the operations management theory. It then provides an analysis of how the functions of management the operations management.THE FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTPlanning It is an act of formulatin g a program for a definitive course of action. The management defines a goal and puts forward its strategies to accomplish the objectives defined.Organizing To divide the work force into specific groups and giving each group a specific task. Organizing also involves ensuring that a smooth flow of information and co-ordination exists between these groups. Thus the basic aim of organizing is to simply divide the work load and define the tasks while setting up deadlines in such a way that although different groups do different things but they all work together with the help of each other towards achieving the same goal which has been predefined.Leading (Motivating) Leading or motivating is simply to influence the employee in such a way that their output for the task given is most competent. This includes communication with the work force, recognizing and dealing with the problems they might be facing and also giving them good incentive to put in their best. Incentives can include best performance awards. Further on leading also comprises of maintaining discipline within the organization.Controlling This includes the analysis of the rate of achievement as compared to the objectives defined. If the rate of achievement is less than the original objectives, then specific measures are taken to make certain satisfactory results by increasing the efficiency of the output by the work force. If the analysis shows a flaw in the original objectives, then they are to be corrected.OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT THEORYOperations management deals with all the operations within an organization. Activities that are included in operations management are quality control, logistics, evaluations, managing purchases, inventory control, product design and production control.Operations management is simply defined as The design, operation and improvement of the internal and external systems, resources and technologies that create product and service combinations in any type of organization. Robe rt H. Lowson p.5It is important for an organization to... ...ciples or functions of management, then their operations management will suffer a blow. As seen from above, it is highly important for any organization, whether manufacturing or non-manufacturing, to act upon the functions of management. A plan, its mode of action, execution and its analysis are important components for an organization. Their impacts on the operations management are positive and effective. As a result one cannot deny the need of implementing these functions of management, for a successful operations management and thus a successful organization.REFERENCES(1) Robert H. Lowson - Book Title Strategic Operations Management The New Competitive Advantage. Publication Year 2002. Page Number 5.(2) John N. Pearson , Jeffrey S. Bracker , Richard E. White - Article Title Operations Management Activities of Small, High Growth Electronics Firms. Journal Title Journal of Small Business Management. Volume 28. Issue 1. P ublication Year 1990. Page Number 20+.(3) Michael E. Thorn - Article Title Applications of Technology and Risk Management. Journal Title SAM Advanced Management Journal. Volume 66. Issue 4. Publication Year 2001. Page Number 4+.

Chattanooga Ice Cream Case Essay

The Chattanooga wish-wash clobber case shows a decline in sales for 5 consecutive years. The divider is headed by Charles Moore. Although Charles Moore was successful in willing police squads he seemed to have major issues with this team of vice presidents. According to the Harvard Business Review Chattanooga Ice choice Case the team was very dysfunctional they demonstrateed a lack of presumption, high in counterpoint, disrespectful of individually other and exhibited avoidance issues with accountability. police squad members seemed to always mystify blame to other member. Moore needs to be more than assertive in dismissing the ways of the past and the loss of Stay & Shop business needs to be put aside. Moore needs to give clear direction and assign responsibilities to each team member. Moore needs to convey that team cohesiveness is a must and this go forth go a long way to help ensure no further loss of business.This paper will examine how Moores leadership get on con tributed to the teams dysfunction, discuss what the mathematical group of employees themselves could do to better learn the perspectives of each other and their boss as well as make recommendations about Moore should do at present to help his team work together and get it on conflicts more effectively. Why The Chattanooga Ice Cream Team Is Dysfunctional The Chattanooga Ice Cream team is dysfunctional for several reasons. Some of those reasons include an absence of trust, avoidance, and not being accountable.Also, there is a lack of commitment amongst some managers. Moore is also expression for buy-in from all members for group decisions. There was no clear cut rule as to how decisions were going to be made. Simply put Charles Moore failed to incorporate clear operational rules. Week Fours Lecture Building High Performance Teams suggests that when managers agree on ground rules in advance, the team are much more likely to solve efficiently, this is especially true with the Ch attanooga Ice Cream team.The Wisdom of Teams states that it is important to agree what will be done when people on the team do not share compatible views. Agreements should be made about how decisions will be made, how will results be measured and incentive should be given for a team to work together. The Wisdom of Teams also states that if you want a team to gel, you need to offer team-based rewards, not just individual ones, no of these things took place consequently resulting in the dysfunction of the team. The team also failed due to poor management and lack of cohesion.This is a classic symptom of what the Chattanooga Ice Cream course of instruction exhibits. Leading High Performance Teams suggests that during the norming and performing stage, leaders shift focal point away from tasks and towards relationships, they take time to develop members and support the efforts of the team members, this is where the leaders lead more than manage and this is the point where the team should coalesce. Although the team never began to coalesce it seemed as though Moore what operating in this level. Team DevelopmentThe Chattanooga Ice Cream team members should began to perform exercises that would help them better understand the perspective of other team members and their boss. With guidance from Moore team members should began to foster commitment. The team should be informed of the benefits of working together to achieve common goals. Because there is a lack of communion members should start to exercise information sharing but prior to doing this they should focus on rebuilding trust. Researchers suggest that Through interaction members are able to share information, generate, ideas and take part in decision making and problem solving.Team communication has been described as the backbone of a teams existence and is the crux of the task and social dimensions, of all groups (Fisher, 1970 Tyson 1989). Tyson further states, For a group to come to existence, organi ze itself, and develop into an effective team requires above all else good communication between members (p. 77). Dickinson and McIntyre (1997) state that communication is the binding force enemy all elements of teamwork actions, including team adjustment, leadership, advisement, response, support and planning. In fact, communication is considered among the most important forecasters of team performance. (Indian Streams Research Journal, Volume 3, Issue 3, April 2013)This should be done individually with members what exhibit trust issues and then as a group. Team members should also make an inward and outward commitment to trust and when team members do openly trust, Moore should openly recognize them. Some behaviors that that indicate team members are rebuilding trust openness to others ideas, critiquing idea not the person, offer assistance, self-disclosure or admittance of ones faults, asking for feedback, etc. Some indications that team members have ot embraced commitment to r ebuild trust are indifference, failing to keep confidence, withholding information important to decision making, lying, and withholding trust when it is due. Most importantly team members should make a commitment to be accountable.Most importantly because there have been a lot of name transaction and probably even lies per the Human Resource Guide one of the most difficult ways to rebuild trust would be to admit that you lied, If trust at work is damaged because you lied, you will need to admit you lied and apologize with honest, sincere, and unmistakable humility.No other solution will work to rebuild trust at work. Recommendations About How Moore Can Effectively Manage Conflict Conflict is inevitable for leaders, and it exists at the root of some of their best ideas and at the core of many a(prenominal) of their worst failures. (Shearhouse, Susan) Moore should revamp his leadership elbow room in a manner that would demand his team to coalesce as team members. Moore should fir st take a look at what his leadership/management style is and then see how best to manage this group of team members. Moore should be open about his failures and began to take a firm stand that team members follow suit.Moore should assign clear roles and responsibilities to each team member and hold them accountable when they fail to meet his expectations. According to Everything Disc Management Style, Moore should fainthearted away from exhibiting steadiness style of management. This style leans towards being accommodating. Being accommodating leads towards being unassertive according to the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument. Initially, Moore should adapt to the Dominance style of management resulting in him being direct/candid and firm. Moore should help his team set results-oriented goals.In What Great Managers Do by Buckingham, Moore should get to know each of his vice presidents and discover what is universal and capitalize on it. If Moore would lead this team by the f ollowing guidelines I believe he will be more successful at leading the team Dont fear conflict embrace it its your job. While you can try and avoid conflict (bad idea), you cannot escape conflict. The fact of the matter is conflict in the workplace is unavoidable. It will find you whether you look for it (good idea more later) or not.The ability to recognize conflict, understand the nature of conflict, and to be able to bring swift and just resolution to conflict will serve you well as a leader the unfitness to do so may well be your downfall. (Forbes. com) Conclusion In order for the Chattanooga Ice Cream Division to be on the passage to reclaiming its place Charles Moore is going to need to revamp his style of leadership and be assertive yet cooperative. Team members need to rebuild trust and be accountable to the mission and values of the organization.Team members must be forthcoming and offer assistance with appraising the ideas of other team members. Most importantly th e channel of communication is going to need to be reopened. In terms of team management Moore needs to assert a Dominant Style of Management, take a musical note back and reform the team with clear directive and expectations, setup a team charter and hold team members accountable for faltering from his expectations. Once the team begins to perform as a team should, Moore should then move on and began to lead and incorporate different management styles.According to Managing When Sparks Fly, to manage conflict, you must work through it. Avoidance is generally not an option. According to Rick Johnson, A leader has to win the hearts and minds of his management team to cook a common purpose. This doesnt happen by accident. It depends on the values and beliefs that create the foundation for how the team works together. It is imperative the leader understands these values and beliefs. They may be unspoken and linger at the subconscious level, but they do affect individual attitudes. Tha t is where the leaders communication skills become critical.

Psychology Debate Essay

Psychology is a benignant science and should thereby leave the essay of biology to the biologists. Psychology, as defined by the APA is, the study of the mind and behaviour(APA, 2013), this definition states that psychology is indeed separate to that of biology as biology by definition is the branch of science concern with the structure, function, growth, evolution, and distri only whenion of living and non-living organisms (biology online, 2013), this implies that the two are indeed two different disciplines which do not require interaction, as they are simply focusing on different things.A good example of the two disciplines being separate, is psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis, a method of therapy developed by Freud and still used widely today, focuses on the subconscious mind and says that mental illness is caused by underlying traumas, repressed memories and unconscious desires. If these are brought to the surface, by the patient verbalising under hypnosis of these repressed, un conscious and underlying issues, it is thought that by find them they will find answers.Psychoanalysis has no foundations in biology and even as it has been expanded upon by people such as Adler and Jung, still does not believe that biology is relevant to psychology (Kandel, 1999). The simple fact that they are, still to this day, separate disciplines again reinforces that they are separate spheres of study and should remain that way.AGAINST Psychologists need an spirit of biology in order to treat patients, and understand concepts fully.Psychology could not be practiced if it was not for the fundamental biology that sets human beings apart from both other species. An understanding of the brain, body and how they function and there interactions and co-existence with psychological concepts such as mood, personality, emotions are integral and in fact, psychology needs a biological foundation and understanding to even begin to interpret psychological concepts (Weiten, 1992). When ta king a closer look at the definitions mentioned previously, they both study life.Since biology is the study of life psychology fits into this definition as psychologists too study life. In saying that, the study of life should not be left up to the biologists as they are typically concerned with the structure, function, growth, evolution and distribution of living and non-living organisms, whereas psychologists look deeper into the study of life, not just seeing it as a science but seeing it as an avenue to help and better peoples lives through understanding the fundamental biological workings of the brain.But without an understanding of the human brain and body and how it functions psychologists would not be able to put these two disciplines together to achieve their outcomes. It is crucial for a psychologist to understand the work of biology in order to be an effective psychologist. Without a biological basis, there would be no way that psychology would even be a pro-active discip line. Diagnosing a patient today, requires the psychologist to be able to understand the biological forces which influence behaviour (Weiten, 1992).

Brazil

brazil-nut tree is perceived as a standout amongst the most multiracial district on the artificial satellite that involves a colorful, diverse and intriguing society made up of Local American, Africans, and Portuguese. The reason why I am steering on Brazil is because someday I would like to be apart of the diversity.I believe that understanding their culture better will enable me to develop sensitivity and appreciation towards Brazil culture. I would be honored to participate in many traditional celebrations such as the annual Rio Carnival, which is one of the world most exciting and stir heathen festival in South America. It would be a wonderful opportunity to experience cultural tradition food such as Feijoada, which is be with black beans and some sort of meat you consider to add to make a stew.In the following cultural resume, I will attempt to pledge a comprehensive brief summary of the diverse Brazilian culture. This will include providing a broad oerview of the country s profile that will includes the country geography, racial, ethnic and also, with cultural holidays, traditional foods, different languages, beautiful landmarks. Alongside, a summary of the countrys history, political system, educational system and challenges that Brazil is faced with.The second section will be focus on challenging some of the biases and assumptions that I previously held about the country. This will also include an attempt to evaluate how my stereotypes and sensitivity toward Brazilian population has changed, and the major lessons that I have learnt by focusing on this country. Finally, I will scrutinize on the ways that I will make effort to pass around with people that comprise the Brazilian culture.Brazil is arranged on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. The greatest country in South America running along 5000 miles from coastline to coastline through every edge in South America foresees from Chile and Ecuador. Brazil is on the coastline of Uruguay, Argentina, P araguay, and Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.The Brazilian scene is enormous and complex, with sprinkled streams, wetlands, mountains, and levels connecting other material highlights and navigating the limits of states and locales. Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world. Brazils physical condition and atmosphere fluctuate enormously from the tropical North to the mild South.The scene is overwhelmed by a focal good country area known as the Planalto Focal (Brazilian High countries, or Level of Brazil) and by the huge Amazon Basin which possesses over one-third of the nation. Brazil is a beautiful topical country. The restricted seaside marsh zone ranges from tropical in the north to mild in the south. The alter upland fields of the south have a calm atmosphere and an incidental snowfall. The coolest period is from May to September, and the most blazing is from December to spring. October to May is the blustering(prenominal) sea son.As of 2018 the Brazilian population is well over 200 million. Set at number 5 in populace among the 193 countries of the world. In Brazil the equal variety of the scene coordinates that of the general population possesses of it which is indigenous people, Portuguese, Africans (which came as slaves). Around 86 percent of the population is urban.

Using Celebrities in an Ad Campaign Is a Poor Way to Stimulate Brand Appeal

Using celebrities in an ad campaign is a misfortunate way to stimulate brand appeal Using celebrities as brand ambassadors has become very popular and is one of the more common communication strategies active by companies forthwith in order to market their intersection points. Marketers pay millions of dollars to celebrities in the hope that their star magic would make the result more appealing and successful. yet all celebrities glitter is not gold. There are many reasons as to why using celebrities in an ad campaign base turn into an pitiful affair, sometimes enhancing attitude change towards the product altogether.In this report, I will list the disadvantages of using celebrities in ads and the reasons behind why they are a suffering way to stimulate brand appeal. 1) Price It is very expensive for companies to hire a renown as its brand ambassador. It is important for companies to note that when they do go down to take the brand ambassador route, they should be willing to shell out millions of dollars, and sometimes even lose it. Nike signed Tiger Woods on a 5 year $ 125 million contract, Reebok signed Venus Williams for $40 million and more recently, Pepsi teamed up with Shaquille ONeal for a reported $25 million.For big companies much(prenominal) as Nike, Reebok and Pepsi, the financial implications of the deals convolute would probably not affect them as much as smaller ones. With this in mind, it is withal important to note that consumers today are becoming more ad savvy. They read about the multi-million dollar deals as well. This leads to more consumers asking, Are we buying the product, or the celebrity? 2) Vampire proceeding A common marketing term, this refers to the point where the celebrity in question overshadows the brand itself.Marketers face this problem when they pick an extremely popular star, and the audiences attention is drawn to the celebrity rather than the product. A very popular specimen of this scenario keepred whe n Cable Association used Dawn French. They soon had to abort their wide-cut campaign when she got in the way of effect communication. 3) Credibility & Inconsistency One of the main reasons as to why using celebrities in an ad campaign is lamentable for brand appeal occurs when the personal credibility of the celebrity involved drops.This has occurred several times over the past couple of years. When Kate Moss, a well known model, was portrayed snorting cocaine, three of her sponsors immediately pulled out. After all, imagine how a mother who has lost her daughter to drugs would relate to the brand. Another example was when Kobe Bryant, a leading hoops star, was accused of rape in 2003. His celebrity brand partners, Nutella and McDonalds, chose not to renew contracts with Bryant, even though he was subsequently acquitted of all charges. Many companies also resort to sports starts when choosing a celebrity.While the personal credibility of the sportsman remains intact, his performa nces in the arena may sometimes suffer lapses. A famous example of this occurred when Sachin Tendulkar, one of the best cricketers in the world, went through a prolonged lean patch. This lead to Pepsi dropping him as its celebrity face and they instead opted for a jr. generation of cricketers instead. The credibility of the celebrity involved is vital because when the company decides to use one, they are not only buying a channel via which they intend to allot their product, but also an image. 4) Multi-Brand EndorsementAt the end of the day, when a celebrity decides to endorse a product, it does not guarantee that they are actually using the product itself. More likely than not, they are endorsing the product purely for the monetary benefits, and this might sometimes lead to complications, e excessly when one celebrity appears in many ads in a short span of time. Take for example, MRF (tyre company), one of the early sponsors of Sachin Tendulkar. With its logo embezzled on his bat, the partnership between celebrity and brand was strong. Consumers could relate to the star, and in turn, the product.Today, however, Tendulkar endorses a mirage of products, and the novelty of the original partnership has died down signifi deposetly. Consumes are often left disillusioned and are sometimes forced to ask the question, If the endorser cant stick to one product, why should I? . Celebrity overexposure can often undermine the authenticity of the message. Another form of multi-brand endorsement might occur when the celebrity endorses one brand but is publically seen using a competitors. For example, when Britney Spears was pictured drinking Coca-Cola (pictured left), while employed as the face of Pepsi.Or when David Beckham shaved his head soon after becoming the face of Brylcreem. Consumers notice this and often realize that celebrities need not have any relation to the product itself, and hence the entire essence of using celebrities in ads is questioned. 5) Marketing Mismatch When celebrities are used in ad campaigns, they display a certain special persona for the audience. The entire point is that they are able to influence the thought process of the consumer and create a positive perception of the brand. An approving nod from a famous actor or sportsman can directly lead to a 1000 more sales.With this in mind, it is paramount that companies use celebrities who they know can relate to and sell their product. Take a bad example, pictured right, of Ronaldhino (football legend), selling Konica Minolta printers. Not only did the picture lead to consumers questioning the connection between celebrity and brand, but also put the brand in bad light. In conclusion, while the use of celebrities can sometimes prove beneficial, especially to the profitability of a relatively unknown product, there are several points that need to be taken into consideration.Marketers, especially in todays cluttered media environment, resort to celebrities if they want an o riginal idea, or want to take the easy way out. Consumers too are becoming aware of this and are starting to notice the position that celebrities need not necessarily support their brands. Furthermore, celebrity endorsements cannot change the entire thinking process of the consumers, and as such, does not justify the high cost involved either. References Pictures 1) http//hollywoodsnark. com/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/pepsi_girl_britney_spears_drinking_coke_2. jpg 2) http//rawstylus. wordpress. om/2008/02/12/596/ Text 1) http//www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/search/article_display. jsp? vnu_content_id=2030984 Article on Celebrity Branding- Making the brand 2) http//www. rediff. com/money/2003/dec/05guest. htm Article on Is celebrity advertising effective. 3) http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Celebrity_branding 4) http//www. brandrepublic. com/Industry/Entertainment/News/235197/When-celebrity-brand-partners-go-bad/ Article on When celebrity brand partners go bad lifestyle. in. msn. com /fashion/article. aspx? cp-documentid=1671484 Celebrity endorsements enhances brand appeal

Learning Styles Essay

1. What I int terminus to doIn this assignment I allow for aim to discuss the factors which can affect acquire for a student. Incorporated in this I will discuss theories of skill personal manners, comparing and contrasting them and drive to identify aspects which can impact upon my practice. I will take apart my birth teaching style and that of others to see how the theories can be applied and withal tax my own victor in meeting the ineluctably of the students.1.1 Why?The teaching provided in this assignment will allow me a better understanding of the mutation of ship canal a student can check out. This will impact on my future as it will allow me to become a more happy classroom practitioner and allow me to recognise and cater for a variety of styles in my teaching resulting in more enth enforced, able and satisfied students.2. Definition of trainingBefore one can discuss concepts of discipline and learning styles, an understanding of the term is necessary. Learni ng is defined by the Encarta dictionary as 1. Acquiring of acquaintance the acquisition of crawl inledge or cleverness 2. Acquired knowledge knowledge or readiness gained through education3. Change in knowledge a comparatively permanent change in, or acquisition of, knowledge, understanding, or behaviour Learning oversteps throughout life as more and more information is acquired, definition cardinal revolve aboutes on knowledge through education, this is obviously the factor which I will focus on during this assignment, however I felt the inclusion of the other definitions was important, the outgrowth links well to the sec, and the third is important to understand to allow the implementation of the first two. The third definition highlights that not all learning comes in a school based environment and that learning occurs at all times in all different ways, in effect it highlights that learning can occur in many styles.3. Factors affecting learningLearning is complex it can be affected by numerous factors which can reduce the effectiveness of learning. nigh of these factors can be controlled, others cannot, it is the job of the teacher to grow control of as many aspects of the learning as possible to ensure students achieve. Maslows original Hierachy of inevitably incorporates the perceived basic needs of a bookman and their motivation, of which to the highest degree, if not all need to be met to allow learning to be successfulOf the factors mentioned by Maslow, lone(prenominal) somewhat can be controlled by the teacher such as safety, stability etcetera scarcely many atomic number 18 down to the childs root word life. The factors which a teacher can be in control of can be managed by providing a safe, warm teaching environment so that learners are comfortable the teacher should develop positive relationships with the learners to support them and enhance learning and as well as allow for working in groups within the class. A clear social o rganization and procedure in the lesson will provide stability and rewarding positive acts will give the learner a sense of achievement and help to build a positive reputation, leading to personal growth. The factors which are beyond our control can arguably have a greater effect on the success of learning.Learning style theoriesThe idea of learning styles or different approaches to learning emphasizes the fact that individuals perceive and process information in very different ways. The idea that students learn in different ways implies that how much an individual learns can be affected by teaching method, therefore intelligence needs to be recognised in a different way, instead of is this student intelligent, the question an educator should ask is how is this student intelligent. The concept of learning styles is rooted in the classification of psychological types Basically, through research, it has been demonstrated that individuals learn in different ways due to upbringing, here dity and the environment, it has also been demonstrated that different individuals have a tendency to both perceive and process information differently The different ways of doing so are generallyclassified as1.concrete and abstract perceiversConcrete perceivers absorb information through direct beat, by doing, acting, sensing, and feeling. Abstract perceivers, however, take in information through analysis, observation, and thinking. 2.Active and reflective processorsActive processors make sense of an experience by immediately using the new information. Reflective processors make sense of an experience by reflecting on and thinking about it. Schooling generally focuses on active and reflective processors however concrete and abstract perceivers are becoming more and more catered for. Learning styles theories impact education through the class, instruction and assessment.The curriculum must place emphasis on intuition, feeling, sensing, and imagination, in addition to the tradition al skills of analysis, reason, and sequential problem solving. In the instruction, teachers should design their instruction methods to connect with all quad learning styles, using various combinations of experience, reflection, conceptualization, and experimentation. Finally, in assessment teachers should employ a variety of assessment techniques, focusing on the development of whole brain capableness and each of the different learning styles (http//www.funderstanding.com/content/learning-styles)Learning theories have been grouped into five clusters4.1 Behaviourism learning hypothesisBehaviourism is a put one over that operates on a principle of stimulus-response., in other words all behaviour is in some way caused by an external stimulus and it is the association mingled with the stimulus and response which leads to a change in behaviour. This theory can be explained without reference to consciousness or ones internal mental state. I have seen this theory in action through le sson observations, for example the Head of Science. The teacher has clear routines in the lesson, along with positive reinforcement, rewards system, praise and a firm but fair view on behaviour. The method works very well for the teacher in question as the classes are engaged, enthused and make progress in lesson. (http//www.learning-theories.com)4.2 Cognitivism learning theoryCognitivism involves recall or recognition of key facts, it effectively views the mind as an information processor. It places emphasis of the role of prior knowledge and macrocosm able to convert information from short term memory to long term memory. This theory counteracts that of behaviourism by saying that the human mind is not pre-programmed to respond only to external stimuli and that it requires active participation in order to learn The cognitivism theory views the brains learning as such InformationProcessing outgrowthI have observed this style in a humanities lesson on the Olympics, key ideas were c onstantly referred to and displayed on handouts, students were encouraged to link the information they were accustomed to experiences they had had and link into different scenarios to allow the students to recognise and understand the key ideas of the lesson. This is probably the theory I use most, I try to engage students by acquiring them to use their own experiences and thoughts when discussing topics in science to allow better understanding and application.4.3 Constructivism learning theoryConstructivism uses the idea that all learners need to construct their knowledge from their forward knowledge and the new information presented to them. The learning also incorporates problem solving as the new information can conflict what they already knew, leading to a solution being sought and found. Constructivism is subjective i.e. based on the learners opinion. Constructivism is a key area to focus on in the development of starter activities, if a learner uses preceding(prenominal) k nowledge then a starter must incorporate what they already know to allow them to build upon this and acquire new knowledge.In science, misconceptions are often found in a students prior knowledge, evidence provided in lesson, often in the form of experimental results can conflict previous knowledge, necessitating the need for the problem solving aspect of constructivism to allow the knowledge to be acquired. I have observed this theory in practice through the use of self assessment and peer assessment within the Science department. This allows students to give and receive feedback on their opinions allowing them to develop their individual knowledge.4.4 Social learning theoryThis theory suggests that learning is most successful when dealt with in a social setting. The theory works on the principle that people can learn solely from observations. I have observed this in science lessons through the teacher demonstrating a practical to the students before they attempted the practical th emselves, I have also seen it in group work where one student models an idea and others observe then copy to advance learning.5. Stages of learningLearning is not an immediate process learners typically will not immediately go from no knowledge to full understanding, usually a learner will advance through a serial of learning stages. One theory is that there are four stages1.Unconscious IncompetenceI dont know that I dont know how to do this. This is the stage of blissful ignorance before learning begins.2. Conscious IncompetenceI know that I dont know how to do this, yet. This is the most difficult stage, where learning begins, and where the most judgments against self are formed.3. Conscious CompetenceI know that I know how to do this. This stage of learning is easier than the second stage, but it is still uncomfortable and self-conscious.4. Unconscious CompetenceWhat, you say I did something well? The final stage of learning a skill is when it has become a natural part of us we dont have to think about it. This is a simple model for learning, however it doesnt always moderate with how a student will learn in a classroom environment as other skills are asked of students such as application of knowledge. other theory which does incorporate this is the learning hierarchy (Haring, Lovitt, Eaton, & Hansen,1978) has four stages, these are acquisition, fluency, generalization, and adaptation 1.Acquisition The student has begun to learn how to complete the target skill correctly but is not yet accurate or smooth in the skill. The goal in this phase is to improve accuracy 2.Fluency The student is able to complete the target skill accurately but works slowly.The goal of this phase is to increase the students speed of responding (fluency). 3.Generalisation The student is accurate and fluent in using the skill but cannot apply it to other suitable situations, the focus of this stage is to encourage the use of the skill in the widest possible range of settings and s ituations. 4.Adaptation The student is accurate and fluent in using the skill and can use it in many situations or settings. The student still cannot adapt the skills to fit novel tasks-demands or situations. The focus of this stage is for the student to identify previously learned skills and adapt them to new situations.If a teacher can accurately identify which stage the learner is at then that teacher can select ideas that are more likely to be successful in meeting the students learning needs (Differentiation). The stages are also important to consider when introducing a new topic, especially one which is unlikely to be familiar to the learner. The lesson plan needs to be chunked to allow each learning stage to be met, a learner cannot be asked to apply knowledge before they have acquired it in the first place6. What are learning styles?The learning styles movement in the UK began in 1982 with the launch of the Honey and Mumford questionnaire (to be discussed later).The basic id ea of learning styles is that students learn in different ways. It is said that everyone has a preffered style to learn in and that this style can be tested for to give the teacher information on how trump out to support a students learning and oblige them in the learning environment. (http//www.tes.co.uk/article.aspx?storycode=2153773)6.1 David Kolbs learning styles model and experiential learning theory (ELT) In 1984, Kolb published his learning styles model, it focussed on four distinguishable learning styles, however, Kolbs model allows a learner to touch on all four categories in a cycle rather than sit in just one, however thelearner will have a preferred style of learning..The four Kolbs learning styles are as follows1.Diverging (feeling and watching CE/RO) These learners prefer to watch a scenario rather than be involved in it, gathering information and using imagination to solve problems. They are interested in people, tend to be imaginative and emotional, and tend to be strong in the arts. This type of learner prefers to work in groups and listen with an open mind they also enjoy receiving personal feedback. 2.Converging (doing and thinking AC/AE) This type of learner is a problem solver they use their learning to insure solutions to practical problems. Convergers are more interested in a task where there is a single answer and respond well in this situation. Convergers like to experiment with new ideas and find practical uses for ideas and theories. Convergers tend to be relatively unemotional and would rather deal with things than people, in this sense they are opposite to Divergers.3.Assimilating (watching and thinking AC/RO) This type of learner requires a clear explanation rather than an opportunity to practice it themselves. An assimilating learner seeks a concise and logical approach, favouring ideas and concepts over people. An assimilator likes to structure information into a logical format, as such they excel in information and s cientific careers. An assimilator likes a formal learning situation, with readings, lectures, an opportunity to explore analytic models, and the time to think things through.4.Accommodating (doing and feeling CE/AE) This type of learner enjoys practical learning which relies on intuition rather than logic. An accommodator tends not to do their own analysis but will rely on information from others. Accommodators are risk takers and work on a trial and error basis, they excel in team work and like to set targets and actively work to achieve them. These models, as stated before, are not necessarily distinct, i.e. it is still possible for an accommodator to work in a convergers environment, but learning is likely to be less successful. Kolb also said that it is possible to change a learning style but it takes a great effort to do so.6.2 Honey & MumfordIn 1982, Honey and Mumford developed a model of learning styles using Kolbs work as a basis. The model is a variation of Kolbs using the termsActivist, Reflector, Theorist and Pragmatist to represent each stage rather than Kolbs terms. Below is a table defining the stages. Learning StyleCorresponding Kolb Learning StylePreferred Mode Of Learning Activist (Do)AccommodatingDoing things, carrying out activities, act first before considering consequences Reflector (Review)DivergingCollect and analyse data, stand back and observe Theorist (Conclude)AssimilatingThink in logical steps, create theories from information, disciplined, aim to fit things into a rational order Pragmatist (Plan)ConvergingApplication of knowledge to a special(prenominal) problem, Keen to put theories and techniques into practice http//www.mftrou.com/honey-mumford.htmlhttp//www.businessballs.com/kolblearningstyles.htmBelow is a brief description of the learner and a table displaying in which situation that learner will learn well and which situations the learner may not thrive in. 1. Activists- These learners are open minded and enthusiastic ab out new ideas, they enjoy doing an activity, especially in a new situation. Activists enjoy working in groups but like being in limelight Activists learn best(p) whenActivists learn less whenInvolved in new experiences, problems and opportunitiesListening to lectures or long explanations Working with others e.g. team work, role playReading, writing or thinking on their own Being thrown in the trench end with a difficult taskAbsorbing and understanding data Leading/chairing discussionsFollowing precise instruction to the letter http//www.excellencegateway.org.uk/media/ferl_and_aclearn/ferl/pages/news_events/events/2004/november/workshop_presentations/B10.doc 2. Reflectors- Reflectors like to stand back from a situation and view it from different perspectives. A reflector will gather data and analyse it before coming to a conclusion. Reflectors enjoy observing and listening to others.Reflectors learn best whenReflectors learn less whenObserving individuals or groups at workActing as a leader or role playing in front of others Given opportunity to review what has happened and think about what they have learntDoing things with no time to prepare Produce analysis and reports without tight deadlinesBeing thrown in at the deep endBeing rushed or worried by deadlineshttp//www.excellencegateway.org.uk/media/ferl_and_aclearn/ferl/pages/news_events/events/2004/november/workshop_presentations/B10.doc 3. Theorists- Integrate observations into theories, problems are worked through on a step by step basis, tend to be detached and analytical rather than emotive and subjective. Theorists learn best whenTheorists learn less whenGiven structured situations with clear purposeActivity is unstructured or poorly briefed put up in complex situations where they have to use their skills and knowledge stimulate to partake in activities which involve emotion or feelings Given the chance to question or probe ideas undersurface thingsHave top do things without knowing the principles or concepts involved Offered ideas or concepts not necessarily immediately relevantFeel they are out of tune with other participants http//www.excellencegateway.org.uk/media/ferl_and_aclearn/ferl/pages/news_events/events/2004/november/workshop_presentations/B10.doc 4. Pragmatists- These are bang-up to try things out, they enjoy working with concepts which can be applied to situations they encounter. Pragmatists tend to be impatient with long discussion and prefer to be practical.Pragmatists learn best whenPragmatists learn less whenThere is an obvious link between the topic and the jobThere is no obvious or immediate benefit that they can recognise Have the chance to try out techniques with feedback There is no practice or guidelines on how to do it They are shown techniques with obvious advantages e.g. saving timeThere is no apparent retribution or reward They are shown a model they can copy e.g. a film or a respected bossThe learning is all theory http//www.excellencegateway.org.uk /media/ferl_and_aclearn/ferl/pages/news_events/events/2004/november/workshop_presentations/B10.doc 6.3 VAKVAK is a multi-sensory approach to teaching and learning. It is split into three distinct groups Learning styleDescriptionVisualSeeing and readingAuditoryListening and speakingKinaestheticTouching and doingVisual- This can be incorporated into a lesson using pictures, observation, handouts, demonstration, videos, flip-charts etc. Auditory- This can be incorporated into a lesson by the use of spoken word, sounds, noises etc. Kinaesthetic- This can be incorporated into lessons by the use of practical, hands on activities-touching, feeling, holding, doing, role play etc. According to VAK, most people will have a dominant style of learning however it is possible for some people to have a relatively balanced pranceture of the three styles. A persons learning style is a reflection of their mix of intelligences. It is also a reflection of their brain type and dominance.

A Discussion on the Renaissance Art and Its Influences Essay

1. The Renaissance style is considered as a collective movement related to the reawakening of finesse especially drawing, painting, sculpture, and architecture that centered in Italy from 1300-1600 (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 265-266). This movement evolved over the years as people tired of the medieval heart of poverty and sickness started to develop rude(a) world views. These world views centered on essential and profound questions related to hu part creations, their lives, and their purposes in lives. They formed striking similarities to the Greco-Roman intellectual discourses, which were overshadowed during the dark propagation of the medieval age but rediscovered during the reawakening period of the Renaissance.Experts agreed that the Renaissance movement started in Florence, Italy, then a trading center between Europe and the rilievo of the world and a platform for exchange of ideas, purchase of arts, and commissioning of literary works (Cunningham and Reich, 2009 , p. 267). In Italy, people began to question tradition and authority, focus on life on earth, shape their own destinies, educate their selves and revisit the classical teachings from Greece and Rome. Teachings from Italy were then dispersed elsewhere in Europe and the world through the printing press, a revolutionary invention during the Renaissance (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 265).See more Homelessness as a social problem EssayOne example of a Renaissance art that is a symbol of the inner health of the people during that era was Raphaels domesticate of capital of Greece (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 315). This painting pictured the great minds who existed in the city of Athens in Greece Socrates, Plato and Aristotle who were gathered in what appeared to be a school. In the painting, the great minds seemed to be enthralled in a lively exchange of ideas. Experts utter that School of Athens attempted to show that the ancient greats of Greece were as good as the Renaissance men of Leonardo, Raphael and Michelangelo. In fact in the painting, the three Renaissance artists were so-called to be Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.Another example of a Renaissance art that embodied the dynamism and transformation peculiar to the period was the sculpture of Michelangelo of David when the artist was at a relatively young age of 26 (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 286). David was depicted as a civilized and a thinking individual who contemplates on challenges without immediately resorting to unnecessary brute. David was said to represent the brightness of the Renaissance man. It was also said to epitomize the confidence that the people then were feeling in influencing their destinies in terms of trouncing corruptive and gaining victories.Renaissance humanism is a notion that sprang during this period. This notion placed emphasis on the capacity of human beings to manipulate their future without overreliance on the church (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 287). Althoug h oftentimes of the art works had spectral themes, the works portrayed spiritual icons as humans. Such portraying made light of the religious canons imposed by the church. Instead, the portrayal highlighted the human spirit and its capacity to elevate to great heights. One example of an art work that displayed humanism was Sandro Botticellis Birth of Venus, which depicted the goddess as an indigent woman with the use of pastel colors. Another example is Simone Martinis Annunciation, where an angel painted in realistic human dimensions and appearance appeared to tell Mary that she exit bear Gods son.The rebirth of the artistic movement in Italy was largely attributed to the successful businessmen in the city of Florence who fed, trained, educated and provided for the basic necessarily of the artists (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 268). These patrons commissioned works based on clear-cut agreements. The powers of these businessmen from the Medici family stretched all the way t o Rome, allowing many artists to secure contracts to accomplish religious works of arts for the Catholic Church. The patronage of the Medici family for the artists was crucial to the Renaissance as artists were elevated to a stature important to the beautification and strengthening of the culture of Florence. When the Medici family declined, artists went to Rome where they received the patronage of the pope (Weekly Lectures, n.d.).3. front to the Protestant Reformation, there had been a fierce and widespread sentiment about the perceived abuses of the Catholic Church (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 240). People felt that the leaders of the church were star extravagant lives that contrasted with the generally modest, if not poor, living of the majority of the people. There were classes inside the population that wanted to lead towards positive change. People were also weary of being caught in the cross-fire of conflicts between the Catholic Church and Kings, both desired power and wealth. To top these off, people were staring to change their beliefs about the capabilities of human beings during the Renaissance.These situations were the precursors to the ushering of the Protestant Reformation, which was come in off by German monk Martin Luther. Luther questioned the corruption and moral degradation in Rome and in the whole of the Catholic Church through his literary works in The 95 Theses. The Church however was not willing to change its ways. It then financed the Counter-Reformation (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 297).Immediately, art became the medium of propagating the beliefs of the Protestants, who had their bailiwicks in northern Europe, and Catholics, whose strongholds were in the south. For the Catholics, art moldiness focus on religious contents with certain symbolisms that magnify the holiness of the contents. The Catholic art was similar to the art that had prevailed in the centerfield Ages. For the Protestants, Catholic religious contents in ar ts were idolatrous that must be destroyed through iconoclastic movements during the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant art was similar to the art of the do-gooder Renaissance artists who depicted contents in realistic settings.As a response to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church introduced a Counter-Reformation. It instituted a few changes within the church but became more austere in regulating heresy. Regulations covered the arts, sending Catholic painters to produce religious contents similar to those done during the Middle Ages.Content in arts was the distinguishing factor between the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation. For the Protestants during the Reformation, paintings centered on mundane activities of everyday existence. Occasionally, paintings drawn out of scenes from the Bible were made. However, these paintings depicted the religious contents in a humanistic manner. Simple scenes found in regular occasions were also contained in paintings. Generally, the contents did not attempt to beatify contents through symbols.For the Catholics during the Counter-Reformation, paintings focused on idealized religious contents that contained symbolisms of holiness, omnipotence, and great glory. These religious contents were idealized in terms of appearance and the milieu in which they were depicted to move. Painters did not paint flaws. They likewise veered from common scenes experienced by common people. Some of the religious contents depicted in the Counter-Reformation include Catholic saints, sacraments, traditions, and codes of belief taught by the Catholic Church.The arts during Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation were divergent largely because of the opposing world views espoused by the Protestants and the Catholics. On one hand, the Protestants believed that man could shape his destiny and approach God because the sacrifices of Christ were enough to save human souls. On the other hand, the Catholics believed that intermedi aries like saints and the Virgin Mary were needed to foster Catholics approach God and enter the gates of heaven.Because intermediaries were needed, Catholics created relics where divine powers were supposed to reside. A form of these relics is a typical painting created during Reformation. Catholics worshipped the relics and sought from these relics intervention in order to get the graces of God. Because Protestants believed in the value of man and Christs sacrifices, they loathed these relics and called these relics channels of idolatry.

History of the Funeral Industry

Funerals and burial rituals have been practiced for centuries. From mummification in the ancient Egyptian times to the extremely regimented practices of Muslims across the world, burial rituals differ greatly across the worlds societal bounds. The American funeral industry was never really established until after the civil war. Before the civil war, families would bury the bodies of relatives themselves. Messing with the natural course of decomposition by embalming the body was frowned upon during colonial times, but eventually began to pass water popularity (Laderman).Although the practice of embalming corpses of the dead has been practiced for centuries, the U.S. began embalming the bodies of dead soldiers to prevent them from decomposing on the trip home. The person in charge of arranging and performing the embalming process was then cognise as an undertaker (funeralwise.com). After the war, the popularity of undertakers began to skyrocket thus, forming an industry. The rapid sp read of embalming practices and urbanization in the early twentieth century led to undertakers starting up funeral homes. kind of of the undertaker traveling to the home of the deceased, bodies were transported to the funeral home to be embalmed relieving the families of having to deal with the logistics of death (Laderman).Although funeral directors, originally called undertakers, are well regarded professionals, the funeral industry has continually been tarnished by bad press, frugal factors, and ugly controversies (Laderman). The most prevalent attack has been economic. Society has always considered the profession as a swindlers paradise because funeral homes often take advantage of grieving families by outrageously pricing their services. This is a constant uphill battle facing funeral directors of our day.The funeral industry has increasingly lodgeed to consumer demands, developing ways to cohere to the traditions of various societal groups. Although many ethnic/societal gr oups have specific funeral directors to take car of their dead, the rapidly emerging industry has be get it on more ethnicity friendly and can adapt to any burial practice desired (funeralwise.com). This industry is looking at facing an economic boom as we reach the end of our baby-boomer generation, and they have come up with a plethora of creative ideas in order to cater their future.

Different Genres Of Films And Their Impact On The Spectators Essay

No other art form has had quite the impact on our lives that the motion pictures have. Everybody loves stories. We urgency to watch different movies, depending on the mood, temperament and circumstances. The most important thing is to take aim the right genre. The term genre is used a lot around the movie industry to inlet down the type of film into categories. Its difficult to place a lot of films in a single category. For this reason a lot of films have multiple genres. They be classified by the description, theme, variety, or story idea that is determined by how the movie is written. There argon a lot of genres. For cause comedy, drama, horror, western est.A comedy is meant to make us put-on, by exaggerating the situation, the language, action, relationships and characters. A mystery may want us to think and try to solve a crime. Watching the film, you can cry or laugh or be sc ared. Filmmakers know this, and depending on what they want to achieve they choose the genre to re move. On TV start to show war films, in anticipation of anniversary of the Great Patriotic War. There are a lot disaster movies on TV because of the rumors about the end of the world. All is accidental. TV is a big industry. Sometimes it is good sometimes its not but you have a election whether you want to fall for this trick or not. If you want an adventure, then you should choose an Adventure films or Westerns. They are usually exciting stories, with new experiences or exotic locales, very similar to or often opposite with the action film genre. Westerns are the major defining genre of the American film industry .They are one of the oldest, most enduring genres with very recognizable plots, elements, and characters (six-guns, horses, dusty towns and trails, cowboys, Indians, etc.). If you want something romantic, it would be better to mete out melodramas or dramas. They are serious, portraying realistic characters, settings, life situations, and stories involving intense charac ter development and interaction. But if youre nervous you neednt to watch thrillers and horror movies, because Horror films are designed to frighten and to invoke our hidden worst fears, often in a terrifying, shocking finale, while captivating and entertaining us.Epics include fig up dramas, historical dramas, war films, medieval romps, or period pictures that often cover a large sphere of time set against a vast, panoramic backdrop. Everyone has their favorite genre, favorite movie that is generally characterize a person. Movies influence on people. The more you watch good, thought-provoking and making to reason movies, the more you have substantiating emotions and develop as individuals. Similarly, choosing the opposite action movie or a horror film you confront likely with violence and fear. So take you choice.

Motivation vs Employee Performance

This chapter examined relevant literature from conveys that cast already been d maven on the topic. The literature review was structured in the following form Introduction, demand, the early theorists of pauperization, and contemporary theorists of motivation. Area of reckon 1MotivationMotivation is defined as the process that initiates, use ups and maintains goal-oriented fashions. Motivation is what receives us to symbolise, whether it is getting a glass of water supply to reduce thirst or reading a book to deem association. It involves the biological, emotional, social and cognitive forces that oxygenate behavior. In everyday usage, the term motivation is frequently used to describe why a mortal does something. For example, you might say that a student is so remindd to get into a clinical psychological science program that she spends every night studying.Psychologists thrust proposed a number of different theories of motivation, including drive conjecture, insti nct theory and humanistic theory. Motivation is the force that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. It is what causes us to take action, whether to grab a snack to reduce smart or enroll in college to earn a degree. The forces that lie beneath motivation can be biological, social, emotional or cognitive in nature. Researchers have developed a number of different theories to exempt motivation. Each various(prenominal) theory tends to be rather limited in scope. However, by looking at the lynchpin ideas behind each theory, you can gain a better recording of motivation as a whole.1.1. BonusBonus is the extra amount in m unmatchabley, bonds, or goods over what is norm ally due. The term is applied curiously to brookments to employees either for production in excess of the normal (wage incentive) or as a sh ar of free pro equals. The wage incentive was designed during the late 19th cent. not only to increase production further to reward the more skillful and more energetic thespians. The hourly or weekly wage was to be figured as have a bun in the ovenment for a standard rate of work, and the workers who exceeded that standard were to receive a bonus.However, the agreement fell into disfavor with labor unions because rate cutting was often resorted to when bonuses became too high. Industrial engineers of the 1930s realize that definite standards ofaccomplishment and quality must be set to make wage incentives workable. Many firms have used an annual bonus plan for distributing abnormal profits to employees. The term is also applied to payments to creator servicemen in addition to regular pensions and insurance.1.2. IncrementSalary increments are often expressed as a partage of an employees general arse pay. An increment usually represents a portion of what the employee earns per year. Employers use increments to increase or decrease base salaries or to award bonuses. Employees use them as a benchmark to either negotiate a pay in crease or a starting honorarium with a new employer. When an employer offers a starting salary that is 5 percent below average, a potential employee might counter with a 5 percent increase. Public employees typically receive annual raises based on salary increments.1.3. Better FacilitiesDesigning a study that provides opportunities for the broadest potential workforce makes good business sense. This allows employers to select the most qualified citizenry from the largest possible applier pool. It may also improve work efficiency, employee productivity, workplace safety and the quality of work. The workforce will seeming represent a wide range of demographics and abilities. Most workers spend ofttimes of their time at the workplace.Therefore, many a(prenominal) design considerations for workplace facilities may be different than other types of built environss that are used by fewer hatful over shorter time periods. Job performance is best when the environment neither under -stimulates nor over-stimulates the employee. Lighting, the caloric environment and noise are the key environmental variables to consider. The most desirable levels of each will not only vary across work environments and people, but also will vary for different business organisation requirements. It is therefore distinguished for the designer to have a good agniseing of the work requirements to design potent environments.Area of Study 2 Employee performance Employee performance is basically related performance appraisal in footing of and individual goals. Employee Performance means the level at which your employees are do. Employee performance is more than just complementary the dreaded annual review in order to get the annual bonus or pay increase. It is an ongoing activity with the ultimate goal of improving both individual and corporate performance.Employees set their objectives for the forthcoming review period monitor their progress against those objectives, and develop the right set of skills and objectives for the future. Teamwork is the ability to work unitedly toward a common vision. The ability to direct individual accomplishments toward organizational objectives. It is the fuel that allows common people to bring pop out uncommon results. Andrew Carnegie (1835 1919)2.1. The appraisal process is made up of three stages Goal setting set goals and objectives for the memory accessing review period Evaluation assess the employees performance against the established goals and objectives Improve performance and skill growing career planning, training, somebodyal development, coaching, mentoring and more.2.2. Why should an organization consider implementing an Employee Performance precaution (EPM) solution? Automation economize time and money by automating this potentially labour intensive activity. Not only will organizations contract more efficient, they will be able to improve on their HR reporting and analytics. Goal coincidence the goals and objectives of the organization can be cascaded down to every level of the organization. Everyone in the organization will be operative towards a common objective. Remote Workers- technology and the nature of the work force has made selection working arrangements a reality. Employees no longer have to physically be in the office in order to do their logical argument.2.3. With an EMP solution, dealrs and employees can collaborate on their performance objectives.Flexibility EMP solutions can be configured to reach the unique need of every organization. Competency Management every organization has specific competencies that are pregnant for the company, departments and roles thatcan slowly be managed using EMP software. Talent Management EPM is an important part of the Talent Management Process. It processs to identify known competencies for success, develop succession plans, pinpoint talent gaps, and establish compensation scales. The employee performance focusi ng solution allows organizations to manage their talent in order to maximize their human resources in order to gain a competitive advantage.Motivation and Employee PerformanceAccording to Dubin (2002), Motivation is the complex of forces starting and keeping a person at work in an organization. Motivation is something that puts the person to action, and continues him in the course of action already initiated. Motivation refers to the way a person is enthused at work to intensify his desire and willingness to use his energy for the achievement of organizations objectives. It is something that moves a person into action and continues him in the course of action enthusiastically.Motivation is a complex phenomenon, which is influenced by individual, cultural, heathen and historical calculates. Motivation can be defined as a series of energizing forces that educate both within and beyond an individuals self. These forces determine the persons behavior and therefore, influence his/her productivity (Jackson, 1995). According to De Cenzo et al,(1996), people who are motivated use a greater lather to perform a job than those who are not motivated. In other words this means that all thinkable factors of physical or psychological aspects that we interact with, leads to a reaction within our self or of the entire organization.According to Latham and Ernest (2006) motivation was in the beginning of the 1900s thought only to be monetary. However, it was discovered during the 20th light speed that to motivate employees, there are more factors than just money. In their view, employees satisfaction with their job is an important index finger for a good job performance and happy employees are productive. To them, motivation is a psychological factor and is affected by the workers mental attitude and health. Therefore, in order to be motivated, a person needs to have certain basic needs fulfilled. If these needs are lacking, a persons self-assertion and self-actualization cannot develop.This couldresult in lack of interest to progress and develop, both professionally and personally. There are some(prenominal) theories of human needs, which are the foundation of motivation. CIPDs Reward Survey (2005a) reveals that human resource (HR) and line music directors ruin to develop reward strategies for their employees. Guest and Conway, (2005) established their suggestions on the basis of CIPDs survey on employee offbeat and emotional convention that managers fail to motivate and improve the performance of people whom they manage.The familiar notion that people leave managers, not organizations, suggests that the organizations concerned, were subjected to failure for holding managers responsible to understand their role in motivating people and to manage performance as legally as they can. The biggest challenge for HR managers is to push line managers to manage and develop people.According to Butkus and Green (1999), motivation is derived from the word motivate, means to move, push or persuade to act for satisfying a need. Baron (1983) defined motivation in his own right. He says that motivation is a set of processes concerned with a kind of force that energizes behavior and directs it towards achieving some specific goals. Many writers have expressed motivation as goal tell behavior. This objective nature of motivation is also suggested by Kreitner and Kinicki (2001) put forward that motivation represents those psychological processes that cause the stimulation, persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed.A motivated person have the awareness of specific goals must be achieved in specific ship canal therefore he/she directs its effort to achieve such goals (Nel et al., 2001). It means that motivated person is best fit for the goals that he/she wants to achieve, as he/she is fully aware of its assumptions. Therefore if the roles of managers are assumed to successfully guide employees towards the organizational agenda of achieving its objectives, then it is very important for them to educate and understand those psychological processes and undertakings that root cause the stimulation, direction of destination, determination and persistence of voluntary actions (Roberts, 2005). Mo (1992) differentiates between the terms movement and motivation.Movement carries out the task for compensation, remuneration in humans mind to act, while the term motivation is stapled with total amour of a person in its tasks to carry out with excitements andhappiness. In simple words, movement compels a person to carry out tasks, while motivation is self-realized jubilant and pleasing act of carrying out specific tasks. The detective emphasizes on motivation which is basis for the success because the person involved in it is very happy and voluntarily excited not for compensation. Motivation is reason for individuals accomplishments to carry out the project (La Motta 1995).There are many aspects of motivation in an organization a person motivated by those aspects may not necessarily motivate another person, because there are many different factors that affect motivation for different level employees. On reaching the understanding and believing that people (employees) are naturally motivated, an organization simply provide the environment for their motivation to be enhanced and improved (Baron, 1983). It means that an organization is a better environment and working atmosphere provider, it only needs to believe that the people have the motivational behaviour. Lawler (2003) noted that different theories speculative why people prefer certain careers, why they seek particular rewards and why they feel quelled or dissatisfied with their work and rewards.These are some of the resonating questions that create so many assumptions and hypotheses to be researched. It is widely recognized in management circles, that motivation plays a role in keeping an employee performing his or her best in any task attributeed. Assessing La Motta and Baron, views on the concept of motivation makes one wonder why incentives provided to workers did not yield intended purpose. This is as a result of dynamics of individual needs and humans can never be satisfy in that, when one need is catered for responded, the worker shifts to another need and this then becomes a challenge hence the call for further research on the issue of motivation.An individuals motivation is influenced by biological, intellectual, social and emotional factors. As such, motivation is a complex, not easily defined, intrinsic driving force that can also be influenced by external factors. Every employee has activities, events, people, and goals in his or her life that he or she finds motivating. So, motivation about some aspect of life exists in each persons consciousness and actions. The trick for employers is to figure out how to inspire employee motivation at work. To create a work environment in which an employee is motivat ed aboutwork, involves both intrinsically satisfying and extrinsically encouraging factors.Employee motivation is the combination of fulfilling the employees needs and expectations from work and the workplace factors that enable employee motivation or not. These variables make motivating employees challenging. Employers understand that they need to provide a work environment that creates motivation in people. But, many employers fail to understand the significance of motivation in accomplishing their mission and vision. Even when they understand the importance of motivation, they lack the skill and knowledge to provide a work environment that fosters employee motivation. Here are thoughts about encouraging and inspiring employee motivation at work.3.1. Factors to Encourage MotivationThese are some of the factors that are present in a work environment that many employees find motivating. Management and leadership actions that empower employees,Transparent and regular communication a bout factors important to employees, Treating employees with respect,Providing regular employee recognition,Feedback and coaching from managers and leaders,Above industry-average benefits and compensation,Providing employee perks and company activities, andPositively managing employees within a success framework of goals, measurements, and crown expectations.Every person has different reasons for working. The reasons for working are as individual as the person. But, we all work because we obtain something that we need from work. The something obtained from work impacts morale, employee motivation, and the quality of life. To create positive employee motivation, treat employees as if they matter because employees matter. These ideas will help you fulfill what people want from work and create employee motivation.3.2. What slew Want From Work Some people work for personal fulfillment others work for love of what they do. Others work to accomplish goals and to feel as if they are co ntributingto something larger than themselves. The bottom line is that we all work for money and for reasons too individual to assign similarities to all workers. Learn more.3.3. How to Demonstrate Respect at Work Ask anyone in your workplace what discourse they most want at work. They will likely top their list with the desire to be toughened with dignity and respect. You can demonstrate respect with simple, yet powerful actions. These ideas will help you avoid needless, insensitive, unmeant disrespect, too. realise more about respect.3.4. Provide Feedback That Has an Impact Make your feedback have the impact it deserves by the manner and approach you use to deliver feedback. Your feedback can make a difference to people if you can avoid a defensive response.3.5. Top Ten Ways to Show Appreciation You can tell your colleagues, coworkers and staff how much you value them and their contribution any day of the year. Trust me. No occasion is necessary. In fact, small surprises and to kens of your taste perception spread throughout the year help the people in your work life feel precious all year long.3.6. Trust Rules The Most Important Secret Without it, you have nothing. Trust forms the foundation for effective communication, employee retention, and employee motivation and contribution of discretionary energy, the extra effort that people voluntarily invest in work. When deposit is present, everything else is easier. Learn more.3.7. Provide Motivational Employee Recognition You can avoid the employee recognition traps that single out one or a few employees who are mysteriously selected for the recognition sap the morale of the many who failed to win, place, or even show confuse people who meet the criteria yet were not selected or sought votes or other personalized, subjective criteria to determine winners. Learn more.3.7.1. Employee Recognition Rocks Employee recognition is limited in most organizations. Employees opine about the lack of recognition regular ly. Managers ask, Why should I recognize or thank him? Hes just doing his job. And, life at work is busy, busy, busy. These factors combine to create work places that fail to provide recognition for employees. Managers who prioritize employee recognition understand the power of recognition.3.7.2. Top Ten Ways to Retain Your Great Employees appoint employee retention is critical to the long term health and success of your business. Managers readily agree that their role is key in retaining your best employees to ensure business success. If managers can cite this fact so well, why do many behave in ways that so frequently encourage great employees to quit their job? Here are ten more tips for employee retention.3.7.3. Team Building and Delegation How and When to Empower People Employee participation is creating an environment in which people have an impact on decisions and actions that affect their jobs. Team building occurs when the manager knows when to tell, sell, consult, join, or delegate to staff. For employee involvement and empowerment, both team building and delegation rule. Learn more.3.7.4. Build a Mentoring Culture What does it take to develop people? More than writing equal opportunity into your organizations mission statement. More than sending someone to a training class. More than hard work on the part of employees. What development does take is people who are willing to listen and help their colleagues. Development takes coaches, guides and advocates. People development needs mentors. Learn more.

Romanticism

romance Be Naturally Unique Ralph Wald Emerson at a moveence said, to be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest accomplishment. The plurality from the romanticism period in atomic number 63 during the nineteenth century would stiffly agree with Emerson words. Romantics thought it was primal to be different and uncommon. Romantics are Sensitive, emotional, prefer color to form, the exotic to the familiar, are eager for Adventure F fantasy, are insistent on the uniqueness of the individual to the point of making a virtue eccentricity, the typical Romantic ordain sr. that he can non be typical, for the very concept of typical suggests the work of the pigeonholing intellect he scorns. (Britton) romanticism can be defined as a reaction against eighteenth-century neoclassicism and the rationalism and physical materialism of the European Enlightenment (Edwards). It supported opposite ideas than those from the Enlightenment.In Cap per David Fredricks art, Ludwig Ticks literature, Viscount Franois Rene De Sectarianisms religious proposals, and J. G. Herders philosophical ideas, these key concepts of Romanticism are found. Capper David Fredricks painting Abbey cemetery in the Snow, depicts a Gothic view of a magical monastic church. It rejects the limits of Enlightenment rationalism and the existence of nineteenth century urban life (Sherman 107). The painting accurately demonstrates the sublime it shows the importance of nature and arouses strong emotions, especially fear (Kananga et. L. 583). It is a very spooky painting that shows the contri providedion of surreal images during the Romantic period. Although it is some accurate, more of its characteristics include unrealistic and imaginative concepts. An tear downtful Romantic idea is that ones emotions and feelings are more important than rationality and consecrate, as was supported during the Enlightenment. Nature was also a very important characteris tic of Romanticism. Frederica does a great Job of including the spirituality of nature and the glories or Christianity (Sherman 107) in this painting.He portrays the forgivings as very in fundamental compared to the overwhelming congenital figures surrounding them. This melancholy painting clearly demonstrates numerous of the important aspects from the Romantic period. equal Frederica, Johann Gottfried herder showed the key concepts of Romanticism but through his philosophical essay On the Knowing and Feelings of the gentlemans gentleman Soul. By rejecting the mechanical explanation of nature and believing that each language and culture are the unique expression of people (Kananga et. L. 588) it is evident that Herder is a true Romantic man. To Herder, nature and organic concepts were significant aspects. Individuality and each individual accepting their unique qualities was also something that Herder supported and thought was important for each person to subscribe, Just as or so Romantics do. Viscount Franois Rene De Sectarianisms book, The Genius of Christianity also demonstrates the strong Roman Catholic revival that took place in France during the Romantic period (Kananga et. Al. 587).This book taught all Catholics that the foundation of faith in the church was the emotion that its teachings and sacraments inspired in the heart of the Christian (Kananga et. Al. 587). Passion was very important to universality in Sectarianisms perspective. In the book, Scatterbrained judicial writes, every thing in a Gothic church reminds you of the labyrinths of a wood And excites a feeling of religious awe, of mystery, and of the Divinity (Sherman 107). The Genius of Christianity shows classic characteristics from the Romantic period such as curiosity in the supernatural and the irrational, along with dramatic and gothic scenes created.As Scatterbrained says himself, the more remote were these clock the more magical they appeared The more they inspired ideas (S herman 107). Scatterbrained sees a correlation mingled with the secluded time period and the magical and imaginative interpretations. To depict Romantic characteristics, Ludwig Thick sees his novel, William Lovely, to create a comparison between a Romantic character, Lovely, and Enlightened characters. Lovelys life is built on do and supposition (Kananga et. Al. 81) but the people he is compared to live by cold reason out alone (Kananga et. Al. 581). Ludwig attacks reasonable and rational concepts by reflection that imagination is damp and more important. By portraying two women, who are very materialistic and reasonable, and how they lay Lovely, Thick does a good Job of criticizing the rational world. Because Thick depicts the negative aspects of enlightened thought, he, at the uniform time, tries to support and overcome people with natural, irrational, and imaginative Romantic ideals.Evidently, it was very important to Romantics to remain unique individuals and be proud of their get laissez faire. They all enjoyed nature and what it brought for people in this Romantic period. Although something might be strange, or even scary, it was admired for its natural appeal and the affect it had on ones emotions. Oliver James put the importance of individuality into the question, why are you trying so hard to fit in, when youre born to stand out? RomanticismThe Romantic Era was a phenomenal movement in which many artistic and literary ideas emerged in the 18th century in Europe. Writers, painters, and artists put more expression and knowledge in their work and they were the reason of the emergence of latishr ideas that were beneficial to society. Rupees Romanticism later influenced the world. The whole point of this era was that it dis compete enthusiastic emotion, emphasis, and kindling without the fear of others opinion.In the middle of the eighteenth century, the word Romantic was used as an adjective to praise natural happenings like beautiful views and nature. Romanticism was cognize first by landscape paintings from as early as the sass British artists. Later in the 19th-20th century, many authors were inspired by Romanticism to write novels build up on retiring(a) literature in that period. Many literature writers such as Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne were inspired by this time period in which it lead them to write romantic literature.There were different types of literatures and influences that applied to these writers. A hardly a(prenominal) examples of the Romanticism literature were Romantic and English literature. Many the Statesn writers were influenced by this movement and similarly, they also establish a high level of enthusiasm and emphasis in their writing. Soon, this era became popular non scarcely in America, but in other places as well. Also, a new genre in America was developed which was called romance and this continuously influenced other American writers. The wars during the Romantic Era also in fluenced writing and art.These wars, The seven Years War, the French Revolution, and the Napoleonic Wars influenced literature that can be seen in the writing and art. The strong feelings that wartime produced, served as a catalyst for an outpouring of art and literature, the likes of which had never been seen before (Greenbelt) Also, during this time period, there was an increase in womanish writer and readers. A group of poets named William Wordsmith, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, trick Keats, Percy Abysses Shelley, and William Blake were considered o be the important figures that started the romantic movement.The numbers indite by Samuel and William were often believed to be the start of the Romantic Era especially the poem called Lyrical Ballads that was printed in 1798. The poet, Thomas Chesterton is considered to be the first poet in English literature. Also, Lord Bryon and Walter Scott accomplished a huge add up of fame and influence throughout Europe, which I think how Nort h America got influenced. Surprising as it may await to us, living after the Romantic Movement has transformed older ideas roughly iterate, in the Middle Ages permit was prized more highly than originality (Spearing).As we can see, literatures in outgoing eras make what pathrn literature is today now. In my opinion, this era is important because it helped developed more emotion into literature making it a more elicit thing for the readers. It also helped bring new ideas about art and literature. Also, some books that are well known in the Romantic Era are Mob Dick, Uncle Toms Cabin, and Frankincense. In conclusion, many literary eras showed characteristics from this event and it is continually developing ideas.RomanticismEden Gayety Romanticism Poetry English H 10 Due to the eructation of rationalism from the Scientific Revolution, people began focusing on optimism and humanism to make the world a better place in which they called the Enlightenment. Following this, The Romant ic Movement is said to have began in the sasss and is known as an international artistic and philosophical movement that focused on the thought of oneself and the world. Its span also include the American Revolution (1776) and the French Revolution (1789) and is often called the age of revolutions continuing to the Industrial Revolution.Romanticism transforms the theory and answer of all art and the way we perceive the world artists of the time glorified nature, idealized the past, and celebrated the idol of all creation (Introduction to Romanticism). John Keats was one of many Romantic poets his work is also some of many noteworthy and cherished pieces of art. Keats was born in 1795 and the rest of his short life termination in 1821 was dedicate to the perfection of poetry. He used immense imagery and philosophy throughout his poems.When Keats was a child, his father offered a terrible accident and died when he was only eight years old. This event shaped Keats understanding of human conditions such as the idea of suffering and loss. After two poorly reviewed and criticized publications, Keats decided to change and ideate a kind of poetry primeing its beauty from human experiences (biography. Com). One of his more sensuous working was To Autumn and Ode to a nightingale which was his more different ode and individualized poem. To Autumn explicates the season of autumn as a female goddess, her hair soft- fifed by the wind and drowsed with the fume of poppies while fruits ripen and late flowers bloom in the panicking weeks before winter begins. Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they? / Think not of them, thou hast thy medical specialty too, begins the last stanza. Keats uses these lines to tell Autumn not to wonder where the songs of spring have bypast, but to listen to her own music. The poem continues with the ending of autumn as small gnats mourn among the river sallow, and gathering swallows twitter in the skies.Keats uses this poem to sho w his ability of rhyme and vivid imagery by each stanza flowing so generously from line to line with a sense of emotion and visible scenery only few of many people can accomplish. To Autumn also pursues Romanticism because it accentuates the being of nature and the divinity of creation. Ode to a nightingale opens with the declaration of heartache, feeling numb like he had drank hemlock or a dull opiate. He addresses a nightingale he acquaintances the rest of the poem.Within the eight stanzas consisting often lines each, Keats wows the progression of the speaker who begins with a offhanded attitude, With beaded bubbles winking at the brim, / And purple-stained mouth / That I might drink, and leave the world unseen, / And with thee fade out into the forest dim then continuing to explain to the nightingale his desire to fade away, saying he would like to forget the troubles the nightingale has ever known. Keats writes in the third stanza Where youth grows pale, and specter-thin, an d dies that he refers to his brother who past away the previous winter from tuberculosis (Prentice Hall, 723).The peaked tells the nightingale to fly away and he will follow but not through alcohol in which Keats expresses he will follow precisely on the viewless wings of Poesy, meaning through poetry. In the sixth stanza, the speaker admits to the nightingale he has often been half in love with useful Death and carries on to believe the idea of anxious(p) seems richer than ever, longing to cease upon the midnight with no pain while the nightingale pouring forth thy soul foreign / In such ecstasy The speaker states forlorn like a bell to toll him punt to consciousness. As the nightingale flies way from him, the speaker mourns that his imagination failed him and cannot recall whether the birds music Was it a vision, or a waking dream? / Fled is that music -Do I wake or sleep? What differs from Ode to a Nightingale and Keats other creations of odes are that its rhyme scheme is th e same in every stanza, ABSCONDED.As well as in To Autumn Keats shows an immense ability to word his lines illustrating imagery and remaining loyal to his rhyme scheme. All of John Keats works of literature are going to reflect the ideas of Romanticism because he is one of the many tests who created the philosophical ideas of Romanticism and what we define it as Romanticism was crucial to American culture because Romanticists such as Emily Dickinson and Edgar Allen Poe played a huge role in our literary history.Germany was alongside Europe during their Romantic Movement with the famous Johann Wolfgang von Goethe who created the novel, The Sorrows of Young Wrester. Like all other eras in world history, it some likely becomes global and depending on where determines the type of people consisting of it and what they make of their work.RomanticismFranz Kafka, translated by Mark Herman Chicken 328 pages Franz Kavas name has been appropriated as our centurys reign adjective Kafkaesque i s a word for which no adequate synonym exists. From the absurd circuitry of managed care to our slowness workplaces and the bizarre comic opera playing in Washington, the relevance of The stronghold, Kavas Para able of bureaucracy gone mad, has never been lost on the modern reader.Until now, the accepted English version of The Castle has been the 1925 translation by Will and Edwin Mir, who believed Kavas unfinished novel was about the quest for an unavailable God, according to Mark Herman, translator of the rescue volume. Harms new translation emphasizes modern and post- modern meanings Herman believes the book is about meaning itself, about the multiple interpretations of documents and events, but his translation opens up a variety of readings. In The Castle, a man named K. Arrives in a resolution where he has perhaps been summoned o work as a land surveyor.Its inhabitants seem to be expecting him and not to be expecting him, and there seems to be a Job and to be no Job. Presi ding over the village is a castle, which sometimes can and cannot be reached by telephone, and from which officials, who sometimes can and cannot be spoken to, descend to the village. K. Struggles at first to make his way to the castle, but quickly sees that no roads lead there he then tries to make a place for himself in the village, whose inhabitants alter neatly welcome, manipulate and reject him. individually scene in which he rise to locate himself is both ghastly and funny. K. s given a letter signed by someone named Claim, who may or may not have the role to certify that he is employed, The letter seems to confirm and not confirm his employment and may have been delivered late or by accident by an unreliable messenger. The letter directs him to report too professorship, but the chairman tells him, You were, as you say, taken on as a surveyor but we dont need a surveyor The boundaries of our small holdings have been marked out, everything has been duly registered, the rep ertories themselves rarely change hands, and whatever small boundary disputes arise, we settle ourselves. K. Is also sent two assistants, referred to as his old assistants though they are unfamiliar to him and do nothing to assist. He is alternately offered lodgings and positions and dismissed from them by people who speak in riddles. K. Takes up with Fried, Salaams previous mistress, but traffic between them soon deteriorate into the same circuitous misunderstandings that characterize all K. s dealings in the book. Every personal relationship is contaminated y the overall structure of mystery and despair.Kafka died of tuberculosis, leaving The Castle and two other novels unfinished. As Herman explains, his friend Max Brood defied Kavas instructions to burn his unfinished work. Kavas books were blacklisted by the Nazis as harmful and undesirable writings in the ass. The present volume is translated from the 1982 German critical edition, which restores Kavas elan and syntax. The Emirs eased Kavas dry, colloquial style and shaded his meanings to suggest a religious interpretation.In one long, painfully hilarious place about the rationale for officials interrogating people at night rather than in the daytime, the Emirs refer to those interrogated as applicants, a term that could indeed allude to petitioners before God. In the present version, however, Herman uses the word parties, suggesting legal proceedings, and indeed the scene, with clerks delivering thick files on carts while officials alternately scream for them and drop them, conjures up the courthouse from hell. Critics have also suggested that the book is a long meditation on anti-Semitism, in that K. s a perpetual outsider or reasons no one can define. It is also simultaneously about class, another illogical hierarchy that K. Defers to and resists. But in our own time, it is hard to resist the books implications for political and bureaucratic lunacy.RomanticismThe emphasis of Romanticism is on th e imagination and emotion and it started as reaction against the Industrial Revolution, which emphasized commercial production as well as a response to the disillusionment with the Enlightenment values of reason ND order caused by the ending of the French Revolution (1789). The Romanticism was a period in which certain ideas and attitudes arose intellect became the dominant mode of expression. Expression was everything to the Romantics art, music, poetry, drama, literature and philosophy (The History guide).The Romantics opted for a life of the heart and appreciated diversity in man and nature. Change The Romantics were liberals and conservatives, revolutionaries and reactionaries. Some were preoccupied with God, others were atheistic to the core. The Romantics saw diversity and uniqueness those traits created diversity between an and nations. The Romantics exclaimed, Dare to be (The History guide). The old order politics and the economy seemed to be falling apart(predicate) and raised the threat of moral disaster. There need to build and reshape new systems of discipline and order grew.The era was full of innovative ideas and new art forms. Zeitgeist Hedges idea of the zeitgeist, the spirit of the age, the ghostly embodiment of the most important factors that are acting in human history at any given time, was ofttimes invoked as an idea conveying a vague sense of historical and natural inevitability to whatever the writer favored. Hedges concept of the zeitgeist gave thinkers a carte blanches to imagine sweeping historical scenarios manifesting various historical inevitabilities and gigabyte narratives (rationalism. Com).The intellectual with ideas always faces problems. Questions of meaning, interpretation and an acceptance of a particular Zeitgeist, or climate of opinion or world view is serious but difficult stuff. Expression Romantics believed in art that created strong emotions. It advance poetry to be freer in technique and effects (rationalism. Com), and finding inspiration in other forms of media and even using it reading their own. The idea of the genius is another thing we owe to Romanticism it was the cornerstone of the aesthetic philosophy.RomanticismAmerican Literature Romanticism Essay Irving and Romanticism What is Romanticism? Today, people would relate it with love and romance, however Romanticism is actually a style of literature that emphasizes imagination and emotion ins. It flourished in Europe and America throughout the 18th and 19th century and began a after the French Revolution in 1789. It was used by many authors and poets, such as Washings on Irving, Edgar Allan Poe, and William Sullen Bryant.Romanticism writers glorified nature, did legalized the past, and celebrated the divinity of creation and mystery. Washington Irving was a Romantic writer in the sass. He was the first American writ to achieve an international reputation. He was the youngest writer at this time, being published at the age of 16. Irving found most of his works on German folk tales and used satire in one of his most famous folk tales, The Devil and Tom pushchair. In, The Devil and Tom Walker, Irving uses Romantic qualities such as, awareness of he past, nature, supernatural element, and mystery.He creates the setting at the be ginning of the story using nature and then uses awareness of the past to show what time the story I s taking place in. Then, he uses mystery by making the reader use their imagination as to where To m Walkers wife went and uses supernatural element with the devil. He creates the plot and the r details by using these Romanticism qualities. Irving writes about good versus evil or in this case, the Devil versus God. In this story,Tom Walker represents greed and teaches people to not be greedy. Irving makes the reader visualise that people do anything they can to become rich and have money. In this case , Tom Walker sold his soul to the devil for money, but after he had what he wanted, he became me scared about what would happen to him in the afterlife. Many people throughout their lives do this as well, meaning that they do not care until it is too late. In conclusion, Irving was an outstanding writer and used Romanticism throughout his